Involvement of major components from Sporothrix schenckii cell wall in the caspase-1 activation, nitric oxide and cytokines production during experimental sporotrichosis.

Abstract

Sporotrichosis is a chronic infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii, involving all layers of skin and the subcutaneous tissue. The role of innate immune toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in the defense against this fungus has been reported, but so far, there were no studies on the effect of cell wall major components over the cytosolic oligo-merization domain (NOD)-like receptors, important regulators of inflammation and responsible for the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, whose functions are dependents of the caspase-1 activation, that can participate of inflammasome. It was evaluated the percentage of activation of caspase-1, the production of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-17, IFN-γ and nitric oxide in a Balb/c model of S. schenckii infection. It was observed a decreased activity of caspase-1 during the fourth and sixth weeks of infection accompanied by reduced secretion of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-17 and high production of nitric oxide. IFN-γ levels were elevated during the entire time course of infection. This temporal reduction in caspase-1 activity coincides exactly with the reported period of fungal burden associated with a transitory immunosuppression induced by this fungus and detected in similar infection models. These results indicate the importance of interaction between caspase-1, cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 in the host defense against S. schenckii infection, suggesting a participation the inflammasome in this response.

• Authors: Amanda Costa Gonçalves, Danielle Cardoso Geraldo Maia, Lucas Souza Ferreira, Luis Gustavo Silva Monnazzi, Pâmela Alegranci, Marisa Campos Polesi Placeres, Alexander Batista-Duharte, Iracilda Zeppone Carlos
• Journal: Mycopathologia (Mycopathologia) Vol. 179 Issue 1-2 Pg. 21-30 (Feb 2015) ISSN: 1573-0832 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 25205196 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• IL1B protein, mouse
• Inflammasomes
• Interleukin-17
• Interleukin-18
• Interleukin-1beta
• Nitric Oxide
• Interferon-gamma
• Caspase 1

Topics

• Animals
• Caspase 1 (metabolism)
• Cell Wall
• Enzyme Activation
• Inflammasomes (immunology)
• Interferon-gamma (biosynthesis)
• Interleukin-17 (biosynthesis)
• Interleukin-18 (biosynthesis)
• Interleukin-1beta (biosynthesis)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Nitric Oxide (biosynthesis)
• Skin (microbiology, pathology)
• Sporothrix (immunology)
• Sporotrichosis (immunology)