δ-Amyrone, a specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo of mice.

Abstract

The whole plant of Sedum lineare Thunb has been used as traditional folk medicines for the treatment of sore throat, persistent hepatitis, jaundice and dysentery. δ-Amyrone (13(18)-Oleanen-3-one), a pentacyclic triterpene compound from S. lineare Thunb, was found to possess a potent anti-inflammatory effect in different inflammation model animals. Pretreatment with δ-Amyrone (i.p.) inhibited the ear edema in xylene-induced mouse ear edema. δ-Amyrone also decreased the level of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and leukocyte numbers in acetic acid-induced peritonitis in vivo. To clarify the possible mechanism of δ-Amyrone, we investigated the effect of δ-Amyrone in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced peritoneal macrophages. The data indicated that δ-Amyrone notably inhibited IL-6, TNF-α and NO production. In addition, the result showed that δ-Amyrone may control the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) regulation and not the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) at protein levels. These results suggest that δ-Amyrone is a bioactive agent which possesses anti-inflammatory effects, which may be relevant to the regulation of COX-2.

• Authors: Xiaofeng Niu, Huan Yao, Weifeng Li, Qingli Mu, Huani Li, Hua Hu, Yongmei Li, Huimin Huang
• Journal: International immunopharmacology (Int Immunopharmacol) Vol. 21 Issue 1 Pg. 112-8 (Jul 2014) ISSN: 1878-1705 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 24813716 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Interleukin-6
• Lipopolysaccharides
• Triterpenes
• Xylenes
• amyrone
• Nitric Oxide
• Cyclooxygenase 2
• Dinoprostone
• Acetic Acid

Topics

• Acetic Acid (administration & dosage)
• Animals
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (administration & dosage)
• Cells, Cultured
• Cyclooxygenase 2 (metabolism)
• Dermatitis, Contact (drug therapy)
• Dinoprostone (metabolism)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Humans
• In Vitro Techniques
• Interleukin-6 (metabolism)
• Lipopolysaccharides (immunology)
• Macrophages, Peritoneal (drug effects, immunology)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred Strains
• Nitric Oxide (metabolism)
• Peritonitis (chemically induced, drug therapy)
• Sedum (immunology)
• Skin (drug effects, pathology)
• Triterpenes (administration & dosage)
• Xylenes (administration & dosage)