Abstract | PURPOSE: MATERIALS AND METHODS: RESULTS: Of the 98 cases analyzed followup data were available on 91. Median followup was 22 months (IQR 8-35). Stage was T0/1 to T4 in 18, 20, 41 and 12 cases, respectively. The prevalence of necrosis in bladder cancer was high and it increased with stage (17%, 30%, 70% and 71% at stages T0/1 to T4, respectively). Necrosis was significantly associated with stage (p = 0.0001) and nodal status (p = 0.016). Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha showed no association with stage, grade or nodal status. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and carbonic anhydrase IX showed a significant association with necrosis, whereas hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha and Bcl2/adenovirus EIB 19 kDa interacting protein 3 did not. Stage (p <0.0001), necrosis (p <0.0001) and intense hypoxia-inducible factor 1 positivity (p = 0.048) were the only significant prognostic factors on univariate analysis. Stage (HR 3.29, 95% CI 1.80-6.04, p <0.001) and necrosis (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.05-3.51, p = 0.04) were independent prognostic factors on multivariate analysis, while hypoxia-inducible factor 1 lost significance (HR 1.36, 95% CI 0.98-1.88, p = 0.07). Node status was only reported in 45% of cases. CONCLUSIONS:
Necrosis (the presence and amount) in high grade and invasive bladder cancer is an independent prognostic risk factor.
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Authors | Jonathan J Ord, Sachin Agrawal, Thomas P Thamboo, Ian Roberts, Leticia Campo, Helen Turley, Cheng Han, Derek W Fawcett, Ravi P Kulkarni, David Cranston, Adrian L Harris |
Journal | The Journal of urology
(J Urol)
Vol. 178
Issue 2
Pg. 677-82
(Aug 2007)
ISSN: 0022-5347 [Print] United States |
PMID | 17574616
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Antigens, Neoplasm
- BNIP3 protein, human
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
- Membrane Proteins
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins
- endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1
- CA9 protein, human
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX
- Carbonic Anhydrases
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Topics |
- Aged
- Antigens, Neoplasm
(analysis)
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
(analysis)
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX
- Carbonic Anhydrases
(analysis)
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell
(pathology, surgery)
- Cell Hypoxia
(physiology)
- Female
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
(analysis)
- Lymph Nodes
(pathology)
- Male
- Membrane Proteins
(analysis)
- Necrosis
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neovascularization, Pathologic
(pathology)
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins
(analysis)
- Retrospective Studies
- Tissue Array Analysis
- Urinary Bladder
(pathology)
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
(pathology, surgery)
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