Carbonic Anhydrase IX

A carbonic anhydrase and transmembrane protein that consists of an N-terminal PROTEOGLYCAN-like domain, a catalytic region, a single-pass transmembrane domain, and a short intracellular tail. It functions as a dimer and is expressed primarily by cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; BILE DUCT EPITHELIUM; and GALL BLADDER. It is expressed at high levels in many solid tumors, especially CLEAR CELL RENAL CARCINOMA, in response to CELL HYPOXIA.

Also Known As:

CAIX Protein; Carbonic Anhydrase 9

Networked: 1232 relevant articles (14 outcomes, 141 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Supuran, Claudiu T: 109 articles (12/2022 - 03/2003)
2.	Pastorekova, Silvia: 51 articles (02/2022 - 03/2003)
3.	Pastorek, Jaromir: 41 articles (02/2022 - 02/2003)
4.	Harris, Adrian L: 39 articles (02/2022 - 08/2002)
5.	Oosterwijk, Egbert: 37 articles (05/2022 - 09/2003)
6.	Boerman, Otto C: 22 articles (10/2022 - 08/2005)
7.	McKenna, Robert: 21 articles (11/2021 - 05/2012)
8.	Carta, Fabrizio: 20 articles (01/2021 - 03/2011)
9.	Zatovicova, Miriam: 19 articles (02/2022 - 11/2007)
10.	Kopacek, Juraj: 19 articles (07/2020 - 05/2005)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2016 - "Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CA IX) inhibitors have proven to be effective against tumors, while tumor acidity might impair their full effectiveness. " 01/01/2021 - "[111 In]In-XYIMSR-01 is a promising single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging agent for identification of tumors that overexpress carbonic anhydrase IX. To translate [111 In]In-XYIMSR-01 to phase I trials, we performed animal toxicity and dosimetry studies, determined the maximum dose for human use, and completed the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls component of a standard regulatory application. " 01/01/2018 - "This study aimed to explore the involvement of carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of invasive cancer of uterine cervix for Taiwanese women. " 01/01/2016 - "Molecular docking study was also performed to explore the binding interactions of the synthesized compounds within the active site of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), which most commonly expressed in some types of cancer cells. " 07/01/2013 - "To study the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), PAX2 and PAX8 in different types of renal epithelial tumor and their association with clinicopathologic characteristics. "
2.	Renal Cell Carcinoma (Grawitz Tumor) 05/01/2014 - "The PET tracer, (124)I-cG250, directed against carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) shows promise for presurgical diagnosis of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) (Divgi et al. in Lancet Oncol 8:304-310, 2007; Divgi et al. in J Clin Oncol 31:187-194, 2013). " 11/02/2021 - "In this study, we used adenovirus to transfer the carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) gene into DCs to generate specificity to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) which is the most common space-occupying lesion in humans. " 01/01/2021 - "In this study, we employed the use of a plate-based image cytometer to monitor anti-CAIX (carbonic anhydrase IX) G36 CAR-T generation and assess its cytotoxic potency of direct and selective killing against CAIX+ SKRC-59 human renal cell carcinoma cells. " 12/01/2018 - "The purpose of this study was to determine whether qualitative MDCT features are associated with the carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) score of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). " 01/01/2018 - "In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility and safety of intraoperative dual-modality imaging with the carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX)-targeting antibody 111In-DOTA-girentuximab-IRDye800CW in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. "
3.	Hypoxia (Hypoxemia) 11/01/2018 - "Only cells grown in wells exposed to Po2 ≤37 mmHg express the endogenous hypoxia markers hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and carbonic anhydrase IX. This design is amenable to multiwell plate-based molecular assays or drug dose-response studies in static or cycling hypoxia conditions." 04/01/2006 - "Recent studies indicated that carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is an intrinsic marker of hypoxia. " 09/01/2005 - "This study was undertaken to compare the expression of two endogenous hypoxia markers, Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), with regard to their prognostic significance. " 03/15/2005 - "Published clinical studies provide conflicting data regarding the prognostic significance of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) overexpression as an endogenous marker of tumor hypoxia and its comparability with other methods of hypoxia detection. " 09/01/2023 - "Histological tumour sections were stained with CD31, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). "
4.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer) 04/01/2007 - "The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of HIF-1alpha and CA IX (carbonic anhydrase IX) (one of its target genes) expression on prognosis and treatment outcome of patients with breast cancer. " 04/15/2023 - "The relationship between carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and patient survival in breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis." 01/01/2023 - "Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX) Expressing Hypoxic Micro-environment Hampers CD8+ Immune Cell Infiltrate in Breast Carcinoma." 12/01/2021 - "Anti-breast cancer action of novel human carbonic anhydrase IX (hCA IX) inhibitor BSM-0004 has been investigated using in vitro and in vivo models of breast cancer. " 10/26/2021 - "Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Suppresses Breast Cancer Cell Motility at the Single-Cell Level."
5.	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms (Cancer of the Cervix) 03/01/2010 - "Prognostic relevance of carbonic anhydrase-IX in high-risk, early-stage cervical cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study." 06/05/2021 - "Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Promotes Apoptosis through Intracellular pH Level Alterations in Cervical Cancer Cells." 03/09/2021 - "Carbonic Anhydrase IX Promotes Human Cervical Cancer Cell Motility by Regulating PFKFB4 Expression." 12/01/2019 - "Evaluation of the anticancer potential of a sulphonamide carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor on cervical cancer cells." 12/15/2001 - "Carbonic anhydrase 9 as an endogenous marker for hypoxic cells in cervical cancer."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	G250 monoclonal antibody
2.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)
3.	Antigens
4.	Monoclonal Antibodies
5.	Isoenzymes
6.	Interleukin-2 (IL2)
7.	Hexokinase
8.	Bevacizumab (Avastin)
9.	Sunitinib (Sutent)
10.	Cisplatin (Platino)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Radioimmunotherapy
3.	Radiotherapy
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
5.	Nephrectomy