All-trans-retinoic acid modulates expression levels of thyroglobulin and cytokines in a new human poorly differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line, KTC-1.

Abstract	A new human thyroid carcinoma cell line, KTC-1, was established from the malignant pleural effusion of a recurrent thyroid carcinoma patient. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a normal karyotype, and no p53 mutation in exons 5-9 was detected. This cell line is tumorigenic in athymic nude mice. Histological findings by light and electron microscopy, such as the absence of follicular structures and the existence of intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions and psammoma bodies, indicated transplanted tumors to be a poorly differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma. A low expression level of thyroglobulin was detected by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 and PAX-8 was also detected. No mRNA expression of TSH receptors, thyroid peroxidase, or Na+/I- symporter was detected. Interleukin-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor were secreted into the medium. These findings suggest this cell line to be functionally poorly differentiated. Moreover, all-trans-retinoic acid increased the mRNA expression of thyroglobulin and decreased both the mRNA expression and secretion of interleukin-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor while significantly stimulating growth. RT-PCR analysis of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) revealed that KTC-1 cells express a moderate level of RARalpha and -gamma, but a low level of RARbeta. This cell line may be useful for studying redifferentiation therapy for thyroid carcinoma.
Authors	J Kurebayashi, K Tanaka, T Otsuki, T Moriya, H Kunisue, M Uno, H Sonoo
Journal	The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (J Clin Endocrinol Metab) Vol. 85 Issue 8 Pg. 2889-96 (Aug 2000) ISSN: 0021-972X [Print] United States
PMID	10946899 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Cytokines DNA-Binding Proteins Growth Inhibitors Interleukin-6 LIF protein, human Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Lif protein, mouse Lymphokines NKX2-1 protein, human Nkx2-1 protein, mouse Nuclear Proteins PAX8 Transcription Factor PAX8 protein, human Paired Box Transcription Factors Pax8 protein, mouse RNA, Messenger Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1 Trans-Activators Transcription Factors Tretinoin Thyroglobulin
Topics	Animals Carcinoma, Papillary (genetics, pathology, ultrastructure) Cell Differentiation Cell Division Cytokines (genetics) DNA-Binding Proteins (genetics) Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic (drug effects) Genes, p53 Growth Inhibitors (genetics) Humans Interleukin-6 (genetics) Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Lymphokines (genetics) Mice Mice, Nude Nuclear Proteins (genetics) PAX8 Transcription Factor Paired Box Transcription Factors Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational RNA, Messenger (genetics) Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Thyroglobulin (genetics) Thyroid Gland (metabolism) Thyroid Neoplasms (genetics, pathology, ultrastructure) Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1 Trans-Activators (genetics) Transcription Factors (genetics) Transcription, Genetic Transplantation, Heterologous Tretinoin (pharmacology) Tumor Cells, Cultured

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