Hair samples taken from 850 individuals with presumed
drug abuse were tested simultaneously for delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (
THC),
cocaine,
heroin, the primary
heroin metabolite
6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) and
morphine. The drugs were extracted with
methanol under sonication. Compared to other extraction procedures this
solvent extraction technique provides high extraction yields and less experimental effort. The analyses were carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. This procedure allows the simultaneous detection of
amphetamine, methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA),
methylenedioxymethamphetamine (
MDMA) and methylenedioxylamphetamine (
MDE).
THC was found in 104 (12.2%),
cocaine in 230 (27%) and 6-MAM in 141 (16.6%) samples. In addition to 6-MAM,
morphine was detected in 87 (10.2%) and
heroin in 38 samples (4.5%). The concentrations found were in a range 0.009-16.7 ng/mg for
THC, 0.037-129.68 ng/mg for
cocaine, 0.028-79.82 ng/mg for 6-MAM, 0.045-53.14 ng/mg for
heroin and 0.011-7.800 ng/mg for
morphine. The statistical distribution of the
drug concentrations compared with the self-reported consumption behaviour of the users may possibly lead to a better understanding of the relationship between
drug dosage and corresponding concentrations in hair.