Gout in black South Africans: a clinical and genetic study.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To define the clinical characteristics of gout and determine if there were any genetic associations with gout in black South Africans.

METHODS:

The records of 107 patients with gout seen over a five year period were retrospectively analysed. The HLA class I and class II antigens were studied in a prospective survey of 46 patients.

RESULTS:

The male to female ratio was 6.6:1. The diagnosis of gout was based on identification of monosodium urate crystals from the synovial fluid, synovial tissue or tophaceous material in 62 patients (58%) and on clinical criteria in the remaining 45 patients (42%). The mode of presentation was monoarthritis in 40 patients (37.4%), pauciarthritis in 30 (28%) and polyarthritis in 37 (34.6%). The joints which were most frequently involved were the knee in 91 patients (85%), the first metatarsophalangeal in 80 (74.8%) and the ankle in 66 (61.7%). A secondary cause was identified in 52 patients (48.6%) (diuretic therapy in 48 patients and chronic renal impairment in four); 55 patients (51.4%) had primary gout. The genetic study showed an increased frequency of HLA-B14 in patients with primary gout compared with controls.

CONCLUSIONS:

Gout is more common in black Africans than previously recognised and frequently presents with involvement of more than one joint. There was an increased frequency of HLA-B14 in patients with primary gout but the clinical significance of this is uncertain.

• Authors: B Cassim, G M Mody, V K Deenadayalu, M G Hammond
• Journal: Annals of the rheumatic diseases (Ann Rheum Dis) Vol. 53 Issue 11 Pg. 759-62 (Nov 1994) ISSN: 0003-4967 [Print] England
• PMID: 7826138 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• HLA Antigens
• HLA-B Antigens
• HLA-B14 Antigen

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Ankle Joint (pathology)
• Black People
• Female
• Gout (etiology, genetics, pathology)
• HLA Antigens (blood)
• HLA-B Antigens (blood)
• HLA-B14 Antigen
• Humans
• Knee Joint (pathology)
• Male
• Metatarsophalangeal Joint (pathology)
• Middle Aged
• Prospective Studies
• Retrospective Studies
• Sex Factors
• South Africa