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Insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene associated with macroangiopathy and blood pressure in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Abstract
In the search for new risk factors for diabetic macroangiopathy the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene was studied in 237 consecutive patients (125 men and 112 women) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. The female population showed an excess of ischemic electrocardiographic changes or definite myocardial infarctions in the patients homozygous for the deletion [D/D; odds ratio (OR) 2.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-5.3] and in the insertion/deletion heterozygotes (I/D; OR 1.8; CI 1.1-3.1) compared with the patients homozygous for the insertion (I/I). In the total series coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and claudication were more often observed in the patients with I/D (OR 1.5; CI 1.0-2.2) or the D/D genotype patients (OR 1.7; CI 1.1-2.6) than in those with the genotype I/I. The systolic blood pressure was lower in patients with genotype I/I (138 +/- 19 mmHg) than in those with the genotype I/D (149 +/- 22 mmHg) or D/D (150 +/- 21 mmHg; P < 0.02). The prevalence of hypertension and the median urinary albumin excretion rate also tended to be lowest in the I/I genotype patients. Multiple logistic analysis revealed that in women the angiotensin-converting enzyme D/D genotype is independently associated with coronary heart disease. Our findings suggest that variation at the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene locus is one of the factors involved in the predisposition of diabetic patients to the development of arterial disease and hypertension.
AuthorsO Ukkola, M J Savolainen, P I Salmela, K von Dickhoff, T Kiema, Y A Kesäniemi
JournalJournal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) (J Mol Med (Berl)) Vol. 73 Issue 6 Pg. 307-11 (Jun 1995) ISSN: 0946-2716 [Print] Germany
PMID7583453 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
Topics
  • Adult
  • Blood Pressure (genetics)
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (enzymology, genetics)
  • Diabetic Angiopathies (enzymology, genetics)
  • Electrocardiography
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (genetics)
  • Phenotype
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Risk Factors
  • Sex Factors

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