Inflammatory neuromuscular disorders encompass a diverse group of immune-mediated diseases with varying clinical manifestations and treatment responses. The identification of specific
biomarkers has the potential to provide valuable insights into disease pathogenesis, aid in accurate diagnosis, predict disease course, and monitor treatment efficacy. However, the rarity and heterogeneity of these disorders pose significant challenges in the identification and implementation of reliable
biomarkers. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of
biomarkers currently established in
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating
polyneuropathy (
CIDP),
myasthenia gravis (MG), and
idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). It highlights the existing
biomarkers in these disorders, including diagnostic, prognostic, predictive and monitoring
biomarkers, while emphasizing the unmet need for additional specific
biomarkers. The limitations and challenges associated with the current
biomarkers are discussed, and the potential implications for disease management and personalized treatment strategies are explored. Collectively,
biomarkers have the potential to improve the management of inflammatory neuromuscular disorders. However, novel strategies and further research are needed to establish clinically meaningful
biomarkers.