Caffeic acid regulates glucose homeostasis and inhibits purinergic and cholinergic activities while abating oxidative stress and dyslipidaemia in fructose-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES:

The antidiabetic potential of caffeic acid in fructose/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats was examined in this study.

METHODS:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were supplied with 10% fructose solution for 14 days followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg bw streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes (T2D). Rats were treated with both low (150 mg/kg bw) and high (300 mg/kg bw) doses of caffeic acid for 5 weeks, while the positive control group was treated with metformin (200 mg/kg bw).

KEY FINDINGS:

Treatment with caffeic acid significantly decreased blood glucose levels and elevated serum insulin levels while improving glucose tolerance, pancreatic β-cell function and morphology. It also led to a significant reduction of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, ALT, AST, creatinine, urea and uric acid levels, while increasing HDL cholesterol levels. Caffeic acid significantly (P < 0.05) elevated hepatic glycogen level, serum and pancreatic glutathione level, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities with a concomitant decrease in malondialdehyde level, α-amylase, lipase, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (ENTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NTD) and acetylcholinesterase activities.

CONCLUSION:

The results suggest caffeic acid as a potent natural product with therapeutic effects against T2D. Further molecular and clinical studies are, however, required to ascertain these findings.

• Authors: Veronica F Salau, Ochuko L Erukainure, Omamuyovwi M Ijomone, Md Shahidul Islam
• Journal: The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology (J Pharm Pharmacol) Vol. 74 Issue 7 Pg. 973-984 (Jul 15 2022) ISSN: 2042-7158 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 35640634 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Caffeic Acids
• Cholinergic Agents
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Plant Extracts
• Fructose
• Streptozocin
• Cholesterol
• Acetylcholinesterase
• caffeic acid

Topics

• Acetylcholinesterase
• Animals
• Blood Glucose
• Caffeic Acids (pharmacology)
• Cholesterol
• Cholinergic Agents
• Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental (drug therapy)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (chemically induced, drug therapy)
• Dyslipidemias (chemically induced, drug therapy)
• Fructose (adverse effects)
• Homeostasis
• Hypoglycemic Agents (therapeutic use)
• Male
• Oxidative Stress
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Streptozocin (pharmacology)