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Urea (Carbamide)

A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.

Also Known As:

Carbamide; Carmol; Basodexan

Networked: 6753 relevant articles (262 outcomes, 396 trials/studies) for this Drug, Comments

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Organic Chemicals: 41
- Urea: 6753

Experts

1.	Sultana, Sarwat: 13 articles (12/2007 - 01/2004)
2.	Lin, Mao-Tsun: 11 articles (11/2009 - 09/2005)
3.	Lee, Brendan: 10 articles (07/2006 - 12/2002)
4.	Saheki, Takeyori: 9 articles (05/2009 - 12/2002)
5.	Kobayashi, Keiko: 9 articles (05/2009 - 12/2002)
6.	Decaux, Guy: 8 articles (05/2009 - 06/2002)
7.	Vaira, Dino: 7 articles (02/2010 - 01/2004)
8.	Fonarow, Gregg C: 7 articles (01/2010 - 01/2006)
9.	Thiemermann, Christoph: 7 articles (03/2009 - 12/2002)
10.	Jahangir, Tamanna: 7 articles (12/2007 - 01/2006)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 06/01/2006 - "BACKGROUND: The urea breath test (UBT) is the gold-standard non-invasive test for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection, however, the lack of availability of the UBT due to the high cost of the test, and in particular the need for expensive analytical instrumentation, limits the usefulness of this method. " 10/01/1998 - "pylori infection, which provides 96.7% specificity and 96.5% sensitivity, suggesting that the [13C]-urea breath test in the fasting state is as effective in detecting the presence of H. " 11/01/2005 - "pylori infection (determined on the basis of positive results of the 13C urea breath test) were enrolled in the treatment phase of the study. " 08/01/2009 - "BACKGROUND: We previously reported frequent transient positive urea breath tests for Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort study of young children, and interpreted this as evidence of frequent spontaneous clearance of this infection. " 04/01/2009 - "BACKGROUND: The urea breath test (UBT) is generally considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infections in adults. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 04/11/2007 - "Both doses of DHB ameliorated the rise in serum urea and Cr concentrations and improved the changes in kidney and body weights significantly. " 12/01/1999 - "After 65 days the average body weight of the pigs injected with pSP-HV-GHRH was approximately 37% greater than the placebo-injected controls and resulted in a significant reduction in serum urea concentration, indicating a decrease in amino acid catabolism. " 07/01/2000 - "Replacing alfalfa with red clover improved body weight gain and reduced concentrations of milk and blood urea and ruminal NH3. " 04/01/2009 - "The study was conducted at Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia to assess the supplementation of graded levels of vetch (Vicia dasycarpa 'lana') and lucerne (Medicago sativa,' Hunter river') hay on feed intake, digestibility and body weight (BW) change of Arsi-Bale sheep fed urea treated barley straw (UTBS). " 09/01/2008 - "The median (and mode) blood flow was 200mL/min. Given the information supplied on pre-dilution rates, the median blood flow, and estimates of haematocrit and body weight based on previous surveys, the "typical" prescribed CRRT urea clearance dose ("standard") before the RENAL trial was estimated to be approximately 25 mL/kg/h. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Proteinuria 04/18/2009 - "RESULTS: 5/6 nephrectomized rats were presented with the characteristics of increasing scr and urea, persistent proteinuria at the end of the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th weeks, respectively. " 08/01/2005 - "Eight mice per group were sacrificed after 7.5 or 9.5 weeks, and serum levels of urea, systemic blood pressure, and proteinuria were measured. " 07/01/2004 - "Blood pressure, proteinuria, serum urea and lifespan were monitored. " 04/01/2003 - "The following variables were analyzed: age at admission, sex, race, blood pressure, primary renal disease, Z scores for weight and height, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urea, and presence and degree of proteinuria. " 02/01/2003 - "Proteinuria, serum-urea and lifespan were monitored. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Chronic Kidney Failure (Chronic Renal Failure) 07/01/1997 - "Clearance of Cr and urea was significantly lower in cats with chronic renal failure than in normal cats, while the values of Na and K were significantly higher in cats with chronic renal failure. " 04/01/2004 - "AIM: We wished to determine if an 8-week program of exercise during dialysis in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients would increase urea removal (enhance dialysis efficacy) with subsequent improvements in work performance and perception of quality of life, and/or alterations in cardiovascular status. " 11/01/2008 - "The aim of our study was to examine the renal urea handling in rats with chronic renal failure (CRF). " 07/01/1992 - "Urea kinetics, studies in six children with chronic renal failure by serial timed blood urea measurements during and after haemodialysis, were compared with the kinetics of a one-pool and a two-pool UKM. " 03/01/2010 - "Urea kinetic modeling has been the mainstay of dose quantification in end-stage renal disease. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Kidney Failure (Renal Failure) 07/01/1997 - "4. In clinical urea kinetic studies in a healthy subject and in a renal failure patient without residual renal function, reproducible values of the distribution volume, production rate and clearance of urea were determined using minimal amounts of [13C]urea (25-50 mg). " 07/01/1997 - "We devised a urea dilution for measurement of the distribution volume, production rate and clearance of urea in healthy subjects and renal failure patients using the inexpensive single labelled [13C]urea isotope with subsequent analysis by headspace chromatography-isotope ratio MS (GC-IRMS) of the [13C]urea enrichment. " 11/01/1991 - "OBJECTIVE: To document the efficacy of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration with dialysis following renal failure, without protein restriction, and to explore the magnitude and clinical applications of total daily urea clearance. " 07/01/1997 - "5. Because only low [13C]urea enrichments are needed in this urea dilution method using GC-IRMS analysis, the costs of urea kinetic studies are reduced considerably, especially in patients with renal failure." 01/01/2009 - "Food-grade recombinant bacteria that can effectively remove urea has great potential for treatment of renal failure. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Creatinine
2.	Nitrogen
3.	Sodium
4.	Uric Acid (Urate)
5.	Ammonia
6.	Cisplatin (Platino)
7.	Potassium
8.	Glucose (Dextrose)
9.	Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (Ammonium)
10.	Urease

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis)
2.	Peritoneal Dialysis
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
4.	Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)
5.	Oral Administration

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