Kaempferol, Myricetin and Fisetin in Prostate and Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Abstract

Prostate and bladder cancer represent the two most frequently diagnosed genito-urinary malignancies. Diet has been implicated in both prostate and bladder cancer. Given their prolonged latency and high prevalence rates, both prostate and bladder cancer represent attractive candidates for dietary preventive measures, including the use of nutritional supplements. Flavonols, a class of flavonoids, are commonly found in fruit and vegetables and are known for their protective effect against diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, a higher dietary intake of flavonols was associated with a lower risk of both bladder and prostate cancer in epidemiological studies. In this systematic review, we gathered all available evidence supporting the anti-cancer potential of selected flavonols (kaempferol, fisetin and myricetin) against bladder and prostate cancer. A total of 21, 15 and 7 pre-clinical articles on bladder or prostate cancer reporting on kaempferol, fisetin and myricetin, respectively, were found, while more limited evidence was available from animal models and epidemiological studies or clinical trials. In conclusion, the available evidence supports the potential use of these flavonols in prostate and bladder cancer, with a low expected toxicity, thus providing the rationale for clinical trials that explore dosing, settings for clinical use as well as their use in combination with other pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

• Authors: Felice Crocetto, Erika di Zazzo, Carlo Buonerba, Achille Aveta, Savio Domenico Pandolfo, Biagio Barone, Francesco Trama, Vincenzo Francesco Caputo, Luca Scafuri, Matteo Ferro, Vincenzo Cosimato, Ferdinando Fusco, Ciro Imbimbo, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
• Journal: Nutrients (Nutrients) Vol. 13 Issue 11 (Oct 23 2021) ISSN: 2072-6643 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 34836005 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Systematic Review)

Chemical References

• Flavonoids
• Flavonols
• Kaempferols
• kaempferol
• myricetin
• fisetin

Topics

• Animals
• Biological Availability
• Clinical Trials as Topic
• Flavonoids (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Flavonols (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Inhibitory Concentration 50
• Kaempferols (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Male
• Models, Animal
• Prostatic Neoplasms (drug therapy)
• Urinary Bladder Neoplasms (drug therapy)