Strength Exercise Confers Protection in Central Nervous System Autoimmunity by Altering the Gut Microbiota.

Abstract

Exercise therapy including endurance training and resistance training is a promising non-pharmacological therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent studies have revealed that exercise exerts beneficial impacts on gut microbiota. However, the role of gut microbiota in the immune benefits of strength exercise (SE; one of resistance training) in central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity is barely known. Here, we observed that 60-min SE ameliorated disease severity and neuropathology in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. SE increased the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota, and decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B ratio) and intestinal mucosal permeability, and enrichment of several short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. Furthermore, SE reduced Th17 responses and increased Treg responses in the small intestine lymphoid tissues. Compared to the control group, microbiota-depleted mice receiving SE microbiome fecal transplants had lower disease severity and neuropathology scores. These results uncovered a protective role of SE in neuroimmunomodulation effects partly via changes to the gut microbiome.

• Authors: Hao Chen, Liping Shen, Yingying Liu, Xiaomeng Ma, Ling Long, Xueying Ma, Lili Ma, Zhaoyu Chen, Xiuli Lin, Lei Si, Xiaohong Chen
• Journal: Frontiers in immunology (Front Immunol) Vol. 12 Pg. 628629 ( 2021) ISSN: 1664-3224 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 33796102 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Chen, Shen, Liu, Ma, Long, Ma, Ma, Chen, Lin, Si and Chen.

Topics

• Animals
• Autoimmunity
• Bacteria (immunology, metabolism)
• Central Nervous System (immunology)
• Dysbiosis
• Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental (immunology, microbiology, prevention & control)
• Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
• Feces (microbiology)
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome
• Intestine, Small (immunology, microbiology)
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Neuroimmunomodulation
• Physical Conditioning, Animal
• Resistance Training
• T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory (immunology)
• Th17 Cells (immunology)
• Mice