Multiple Sclerosis

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12054 relevant articles (519 outcomes, 1531 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903)

Also Known As:

Disseminated Sclerosis; Sclerosis, Multiple; MS (Multiple Sclerosis); Multiple Sclerosis, Acute Fulminating; Sclerosis, Disseminated

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune Experimental)
2.	Autoimmune Diseases (Autoimmune Disease)
3.	Rheumatoid Arthritis
4.	Pain (Aches)
5.	Demyelinating Diseases (Demyelinating Disease)

Experts

1.	Hartung, Hans-Peter: 29 articles (08/2008 - 12/2002)
2.	Polman, C H: 22 articles (10/2007 - 04/2000)
3.	Hohlfeld, Reinhard: 18 articles (06/2008 - 01/2002)
4.	Hillert, J: 18 articles (06/2008 - 04/2000)
5.	Hohlfeld, R: 18 articles (06/2008 - 01/2001)
6.	Montalban, Xavier: 18 articles (05/2008 - 02/2002)
7.	Martin, Roland: 17 articles (09/2008 - 06/2003)
8.	Sellebjerg, F: 17 articles (06/2008 - 01/2000)
9.	Vermersch, P: 16 articles (01/2008 - 05/2000)
10.	Zivadinov, Robert: 15 articles (09/2008 - 10/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Multiple Sclerosis:

1.	Interferon-betaIBA 06/01/2003 - "Although interferon-beta (IFN-beta) has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, the mechanism(s) underlying its beneficial effects has not been uncovered yet. " 11/27/1981 - "Ten patients with multiple sclerosis who were treated with human fibroblast interferon (IFN-B) for 6 months showed a significant reduction in their exacerbation rates compared with their rates before treatment (P < .01). " 07/01/2008 - "Several large clinical trials have demonstrated that interferon-beta (IFN-beta) therapy is effective in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. " 12/20/1986 - "In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-year multicentre study intrathecally administered natural human fibroblast interferon (IFN-B) was effective in reducing exacerbations of multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients with exacerbating/remitting disease. " 10/01/2009 - "OBJECTIVE: Recent findings support greater efficacy of early vs. delayed interferon beta (IFNbeta) treatment in patients with a first clinical event suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	copolymer 1 (glatiramer acetate)FDA Link 08/01/2000 - "This study demonstrates the sustained efficacy of glatiramer acetate in reducing the relapse rate and in slowing the accumulation of disability in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. " 02/01/2009 - "The cumulative evidence for the long-term clinical efficacy of glatiramer acetate is consistent with its dual mechanism of action, reassures the physician that glatiramer acetate can really help improve patient care over the long term, and may contribute to a more positive view of prognosis for patients with multiple sclerosis." 08/01/2003 - "Three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have shown that glatiramer acetate (GA) is effective in reducing relapse rate in patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS). " 10/31/2009 - "We assessed the efficacy of early treatment with glatiramer acetate in delaying onset of clinically definite multiple sclerosis. " 12/01/2006 - "BACKGROUND: Glatiramer acetate has been shown to be effective in reducing the relapse and improving the disability of patients with multiple sclerosis. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	AntibodiesIBA 06/01/2007 - "Are ex vivo neutralising antibodies against IFN-beta always detrimental to therapeutic efficacy in multiple sclerosis?" 03/01/2007 - "This study investigated the presence of anti-Hsp90beta antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) during remission. " 06/08/2004 - "Neutralizing antibodies reduce the efficacy of betaIFN during treatment of multiple sclerosis." 10/01/2009 - "OBJECTIVE: Recent studies reported contrasting results with respect to the presence of anti-myelin protein antibodies in multiple sclerosis (MS) and their relation with disease activity. " 09/01/2009 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of these antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	InterferonsIBA 01/01/2001 - "What is the best approach to treating interferon-induced depression in people with multiple sclerosis?" 05/16/2003 - "INTRODUCTION AND METHOD: The mechanism of action of interferons We do not know in the multiple sclerosis but, although exist discrepancies in relation to their degree of effectiveness, fundamentally the dose to use and the administration route, the three available ones have proven to be effective in the reduction of the number of the bouts. " 11/16/2001 - "In astrocyte culture using serum from patients with an acute episode of multiple sclerosis, but not on treatment with interferon, there was a statistically significant reduction in intercellular communication as compared to astrocytes cultured with serum from these same patients treated with interferon for one year (p< 0.05; p< 0.01). " 07/15/2004 - "Long-term trials have demonstrated the continued efficacy of interferon (IFN) beta treatment in patients with relapsing-remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS) during prolonged administration. " 11/16/2001 - "[Intercellular communication in the astrocyte culture as a measure of therapeutic efficacy in multiple sclerosis treated by interferon]" Order ALL the reference details at left...*
5.	Methylprednisolone FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1995 - "It is important for medical-surgical nurses to understand the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis, as well as recent evidence suggesting that intravenous methylprednisolone treatment may be effective for treating exacerbations of the disease. " 02/01/1988 - "This study confirms that high dose methylprednisolone is a safe therapeutic option in multiple sclerosis." 03/01/2002 - "OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of two different high doses of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) during Multiple Sclerosis (MS) relapses. " 07/01/1996 - "High dose intravenous methylprednisolone treatment is effective and safe in the treatment of relapses in multiple sclerosis, but the long term effects are unclear. " 06/01/1994 - "The demonstration of efficacy for both of these agents represent landmarks in the search for an effective treatment for multiple sclerosis; both agents seem to provide prophylaxis against future relapses, and methylprednisolone seems to delay the development of the disease. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA 12/01/1986 - "When equal numbers of unstimulated CSFC and PBMC from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were cultured, both the number of IgSC and the amount of secreted IgG were significantly greater in CSFC cultures. " 01/03/2005 - "[Immunoglobulin G is effective in multiple sclerosis]" 10/01/1980 - "Megavoltage CNS irradiation was given to 20 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) to determine if de novo CNS IgG synthesis could be eradicated. " 08/01/2000 - "These data suggest that administration of IgG suppresses TMEV-IDD and may be promising treatment to prevent exacerbation of human multiple sclerosis." 03/01/1976 - "The increase of IgG in multiple sclerosis (72,7%) suggested us to consider this analysis now very useful for a correct diagnosis. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	natalizumab (Tysabri)FDA Link 09/01/2009 - "INTRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT: Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeted against alpha-4 integrin that has proved to be very effective in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. " 03/01/2009 - "Efficacy of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis patients with high disease activity: a Danish nationwide study." 10/01/2007 - "INTERPRETATION: HRQoL was impaired in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients, correlated with severity of disease as measured by neurological ratings or magnetic resonance imaging, and improved significantly with natalizumab." 02/10/2009 - "Inhibiting the alpha(4) subunit of the integrin heterodimers alpha(4)beta(1) and alpha(4)beta(7) with the monoclonal antibody natalizumab is an effective treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). " 06/01/2008 - "Natalizumab is an alpha4-integrin antagonist approved as monotherapy for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS), based on demonstrated efficacy in the pivotal AFFIRM study (N = 942). " Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2004 - "In a double-blind, monotherapy trial (Mitoxantrone In Multiple Sclerosis [MIMS] trial), mitoxantrone 12 mg/m(2) (n = 60) once every 3 months for 2 years significantly improved neurological disability relative to placebo (n = 64), as assessed by changes in mean Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, mean Ambulatory Index (AI) score and mean Standardised Neurological Status (SNS) score. " 05/01/2002 - "Recent studies have shown that mitoxantrone is effective in patients with active multiple sclerosis (MS) and that cardiac monitoring is usually required. " 01/01/2007 - "Mitoxantrone has recently been shown to be effective in ameliorating multiple sclerosis activity and reducing the relapse rate. " 11/01/2006 - "Inhibition by mitoxantrone of in vitro migration of immunocompetent cells: a possible mechanism for therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of multiple sclerosis." 01/01/2005 - "BACKGROUND: Mitoxantrone (MX) has been shown to be moderately effective in reducing the clinical outcome measures of disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	interferon beta 1a FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2006 - "Taken together, these data indicate that patients may benefit from early treatment; the positive results of three double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trials (Early Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis and Controlled High Risk Subjects Avonex Multiple Sclerosis Prevention Study and BENEFIT) support this conclusion." 06/01/2000 - "Taken together, these data indicate that patients may benefit from early treatment; the positive results of the Controlled High Risk Subjects Avonex Multiple Sclerosis Prevention Study support this conclusion." 09/28/2000 - "CONCLUSIONS: Initiating treatment with interferon beta-1a at the time of a first demyelinating event is beneficial for patients with brain lesions on MRI that indicate a high risk of clinically definite multiple sclerosis." 08/01/2006 - "CONCLUSION: Treatment with interferon beta-1a is well tolerated for a long period of time and may be effective in substandard doses in early onset multiple sclerosis." 09/01/2006 - "Post-marketing surveillance studies are needed to assess the long-term safety, compliance and clinical efficacy of interferon beta-1a (IFNbeta-1a) therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIG)FDA Link 01/01/2003 - "OBJECTIVES: To identify and summarise the evidence that intravenous immunoglobulins are safe and beneficial for people with MS. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Multiple Sclerosis Group trials Register( January 2003) The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library issue 4, 2002), MEDLINE (January 1966 to April 2001), EMBASE (January 1988 to April 2001) and reference lists of articles. " 11/01/2002 - "We performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of low and high dose of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) in relapsing/remitting (RR) multiple sclerosis (MS). " 01/01/2008 - "IVIG exerts a number of effects that may be beneficial in multiple sclerosis (MS). " 12/14/2004 - "A slightly better, but not significant remission was seen in the IVIg group in global scores, i.e., Expanded Disability Status Scale (p = 0.23) and Multiple Sclerosis Impairment Scale (p = 0.24), and in time to next relapse (p = 0.22). " 02/01/2006 - "Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) have been effective in reducing multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity and improving disability scores. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 06/01/2009 - "Pharmacotherapy of multiple sclerosis: the PROOF trial." 04/01/2006 - "The objective of this study was to examine the adequacy of antidepressant pharmacotherapy in a sample of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated by neurologists. " 10/01/1997 - "Notwithstanding the absence of long term tolerability data, and data from comparative trials with other agents, interferon-beta-1a represents a promising advance in drug therapy for relapsing multiple sclerosis." 03/01/1996 - "Drug therapy in multiple sclerosis: a study of Nova Scotia senior citizens." 03/01/1996 - "The purpose of this review is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of drug therapy in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) in those studies which purported to include an assessment of quality of life. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 06/15/2005 - "In light of this complex situation, it is concluded that clinical trials of stem- or progenitor cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis are currently premature." 10/01/2002 - "[Transplantation of myelinating cells as regenerative therapy for multiple sclerosis - experimental basis and present state of clinical studies]" 12/16/1999 - "The lack of any markers for oligodendrocyte precursors that can be visualized within the intact CNS is a significant barrier to trials of transplantation of these cells which aim to enhance remyelination in multiple sclerosis. " 01/01/1994 - "Developmental studies of oligodendrocyte precursor cell migration and their implications for transplantation as therapy for multiple sclerosis." 05/01/2009 - "Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in treatment of multiple sclerosis." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Injections 11/01/2007 - "INTERPRETATION: Minimally invasive injections of botulinum neurotoxin type A have been shown to be exceptionally effective in producing a prolonged improvement in urinary continence in patients with multiple sclerosis. " 01/01/1996 - "Contradictory results concerning exacerbations and the disease course were seen comparing injections of IFN-gamma in humans suffering from multiple sclerosis to studies using anti-IFN-gamma Abs in mice with EAE. " 08/01/2008 - "Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) report a number of adverse events related to immunomodulator injections, including local injection-site reactions (LISRs). " 02/01/2008 - "The success of presently available injectable immunomodulatory therapies in treating multiple sclerosis has led to heightened interest in finding even more efficacious and better tolerated therapies. " 11/01/2007 - "Utilization, cost trends, and member cost-share for self-injectable multiple sclerosis drugs--pharmacy and medical benefit spending from 2004 through 2007." Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Bone Marrow Transplantation (Transplantation, Bone Marrow) 12/01/2008 - "Following promising results in animal studies showing that immunosuppression and consecutive allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has the potential to significantly reduce autoimmunity, emerging data is supporting a benefit in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune disorders not responding to approved therapies. " 01/01/2009 - "Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) potentially represents a novel therapy for the amelioration and even cure for multiple sclerosis (MS). " 09/01/2008 - "Bone-marrow transplantation fails to halt intrathecal lymphocyte activation in multiple sclerosis." 09/01/2007 - "Failure of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation to arrest disease activity in multiple sclerosis." 01/01/2006 - "Intense T cell depletion followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation for severe multiple sclerosis." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Immunotherapy 05/01/1997 - "Thus, it is hoped that this article serves a dual purpose, namely to provide an update on recent advances in immunology, and to serve as a useful source of reference to immunotherapies holding promise for future treatment of multiple sclerosis." 01/01/2005 - "Immunological study of IFNbeta-1a-treated and untreated multiple sclerosis patients: clarifying IFNbeta mechanisms and establishing specific dendritic cell immunotherapy." 12/01/1995 - "[Immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis: the use of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of clinical trials]" 09/01/1994 - "Indeed, several groups are engaged in preliminary or advanced clinical studies of promising specific immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune conditions. " 03/01/1988 - "As the immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis moves to the next stage in the coming years, patients at an earlier stage of their disease will have to be treated, nontoxic forms of therapy developed, clinical trials lengthened, and a laboratory monitor of the disease developed. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

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