Elevated soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor serum levels indicate poor survival following transarterial chemoembolization therapy for hepatic malignancies: An exploratory analysis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM:

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) represents a standard of care for patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or liver metastases. However, identification of the ideal candidates for TACE therapy remains challenging. The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) has recently evolved as a prognostic marker in patients with cancer; however no data on suPAR in the context of TACE exists.

METHODS:

Serum levels of suPAR were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in n = 48 TACE patients (HCC: n = 38, liver metastases: n = 10) before intervention and 1 day after TACE, as well as in 20 healthy controls.

RESULTS:

Serum levels of suPAR were significantly elevated in patients with liver cancer compared to healthy controls. Patients with or without an objective tumor response to TACE therapy had comparable levels of circulating suPAR. Importantly, baseline suPARs above the ideal prognostic cut-off value (5.39 ng/mL) were a significant prognostic marker for reduced overall survival (OS) following TACE. As such, patients with initial suPAR levels >5.39 ng/mL showed a significantly reduced median OS of only 256 days compared to patients with suPAR serum levels below the cut-off value (median OS: 611 days). In line with previous data, suPAR serum concentrations correlated with those of creatinine but were independent of tumor entity, leukocyte count, and C-reactive protein in multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSION:

Baseline suPAR serum levels provide important information on the postinterventional outcome of liver cancer patients receiving TACE.

• Authors: Sven H Loosen, Max Schulze-Hagen, Mihael Vucur, Joao Gorgulho, Pia Paffenholz, Fabian Benz, Raphael Mohr, Münevver Demir, Alexander Wree, Christiane Kuhl, Christian Trautwein, Frank Tacke, Philipp Bruners, Tom Luedde, Christoph Roderburg
• Journal: JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology (JGH Open) Vol. 5 Issue 3 Pg. 356-363 (Mar 2021) ISSN: 2397-9070 [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 33732882 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. JGH Open: An open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology published by Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.