Inter-Individual Variability in Insulin Response after Grape Pomace Supplementation in Subjects at High Cardiometabolic Risk: Role of Microbiota and miRNA.

Abstract

SCOPE:

Dietary polyphenols have shown promising effects in mechanistic and preclinical studies on the regulation of cardiometabolic alterations. Nevertheless, clinical trials have provided contradictory results, with high inter-individual variability. This study explores the role of gut microbiota and microRNAs (miRNAs) as factors contributing to the inter-individual variability in polyphenol response.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

49 subjects with at least two factors of metabolic syndrome are divided between responders (n = 23) or non-responders (n = 26), depending on the variation rate in fasting insulin after grape pomace supplementation (6 weeks). The populations of selected fecal bacteria are estimated from fecal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), while the microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are measured in fecal samples by gas chromatography. MicroRNAs are analyzed on a representative sample, followed by targeted miRNA analysis. Responder subjects show significantly lower (p < 0.05) Prevotella and Firmicutes levels, and increased (p < 0.05) miR-222 levels.

CONCLUSION:

After evaluating the selected substrates for Prevotella and target genes of miR-222, these variations suggest that responders are those subjects exhibiting impaired glycaemic control. This study shows that fecal microbiota and miRNA expression may be related to inter-individual variability in clinical trials with polyphenols.

• Authors: Sara Ramos-Romero, Asier Léniz, Daniel Martínez-Maqueda, Susana Amézqueta, Alfredo Fernández-Quintela, Mercè Hereu, Josep Luís Torres, María P Portillo, Jara Pérez-Jiménez
• Journal: Molecular nutrition & food research (Mol Nutr Food Res) Vol. 65 Issue 2 Pg. e2000113 (01 2021) ISSN: 1613-4133 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 33202108 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Chemical References

• Fatty Acids, Volatile
• Insulin
• MicroRNAs

Topics

• Adult
• Biological Variation, Population
• Dietary Supplements
• Fatty Acids, Volatile (analysis)
• Feces (chemistry, microbiology)
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Microbiome (drug effects, physiology)
• Humans
• Insulin (blood)
• Male
• MicroRNAs (blood)
• Middle Aged
• Obesity (diet therapy, microbiology)
• Treatment Outcome
• Vitis (chemistry)