Dietary folate intake and metabolic syndrome in participants of PREDIMED-Plus study: a cross-sectional study.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

We examined the association between dietary folate intake and a score of MetS (metabolic syndrome) and its components among older adults at higher cardiometabolic risk participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional analysis with 6633 with overweight/obesity participants with MetS was conducted. Folate intake (per 100 mcg/day and in quintiles) was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We calculated a MetS score using the standardized values as shown in the formula: [(body mass index + waist-to-height ratio)/2] + [(systolic blood pressure + diastolic blood pressure)/2] + plasma fasting glucose-HDL cholesterol + plasma triglycerides. The MetS score as continuous variable and its seven components were the outcome variables. Multiple robust linear regression using MM-type estimator was performed to evaluate the association adjusting for potential confounders.

RESULTS:

We observed that an increase in energy-adjusted folate intake was associated with a reduction of MetS score (β for 100 mcg/day = - 0.12; 95% CI: - 0.19 to - 0.05), and plasma fasting glucose (β = - 0.03; 95% CI: - 0.05 to - 0.02) independently of the adherence to Mediterranean diet and other potential confounders. We also found a positive association with HDL-cholesterol (β = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.04-0.10). These associations were also observed when quintiles of energy-adjusted folate intake were used instead.

CONCLUSION:

This study suggests that a higher folate intake may be associated with a lower MetS score in older adults, a lower plasma fasting glucose, and a greater HDL cholesterol in high-risk cardio-metabolic subjects.

• Authors: Eva-Maria Navarrete-Muñoz, Jesus Vioque, Estefanía Toledo, Alejando Oncina-Canovas, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Dolores Corella, Montserrat Fitó, Dora Romaguera, Ángel M Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, J Alfredo Martínez, Luís Serra-Majem, Ramon Estruch, Francisco J Tinahones, José Lapetra, Xavier Pintó, Josep A Tur, José López-Miranda, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, Pilar Matía-Martín, Lidia Daimiel, Vicente Martín Sánchez, Josep Vidal, Ana Isabel de Cos Blanco, Emili Ros, Javier Diez-Espino, Nancy Babio, Rebeca Fernandez-Carrion, Olga Castañer, Antoni Colom, Laura Compañ-Gabucio, Itziar Salaverria Lete, Edelys Crespo-Oliva, Itziar Abete, Laura Tomaino, Rosa Casas, José Carlos Fernandez-Garcia, José Manuel Santos-Lozano, Iziar Sarasa, José M Gámez, José M Antonio Garcia-Rios, Sandra Martín-Pelaez, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Andrés Díaz-López, Raul Martinez-Lacruz, Maria Dolors Zomeño, Elena Rayó, Cristina Gisbert Sellés, Silvia Canudas, Albert Goday, Manoli García-de-la-Hera
• Journal: European journal of nutrition (Eur J Nutr) Vol. 60 Issue 2 Pg. 1125-1136 (Mar 2021) ISSN: 1436-6215 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 32833162 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Folic Acid

Topics

• Aged
• Body Mass Index
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Folic Acid
• Humans
• Metabolic Syndrome (epidemiology)
• Obesity
• Risk Factors