Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a representative component of astragaloside
saponins in dried roots of Astragali Radix. Astragaloside possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, anti-
fibrosis,
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and
neuroprotective effects. However, the role of AS-IV in antiaging remains unclear. In this article, we studied the function of AS-IV in antiaging by using the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. We showed that AS-IV can prolong the lifespan of C. elegans in a natural aging model, a
paraquat injury model, and a heat stress model and improve the movement capacity of nematodes. 1H-NMR data indicate an improvement of
glutamate content and a decrease in
glucose in the AS-IV treatment group compared with the control. Further investigation revealed that AS-IV can induce the
mRNA expression of
superoxide dismutase (SOD) and
catalase (CAT) genes and increase the activities of SOD and CAT in the nematode. Interestingly, AS-IV could not extend the lifespan of sod-1, sod-2, sod-3, sod-4, sod-5, ctl-1, ctl-2, ctl-3, and daf-16 mutants. These data indicate that AS-IV prevents aging via mainly improving age-related functional declines, the
antioxidant capacity of nematodes and partially modulating the
insulin/
insulin growth factor 1 signaling pathway activity. Our results provide new insights into how AS-IV prevents and treats aging.