Delta bovine papillomaviruses (δBPVs) causes fibropapillomas or
bladder cancer in cattle. E5 is the major oncogene of δBPVs; however, the influence that E5 oncogene has on host
microRNA (
miRNA) and
mRNA expression profiles remains little elucidated. In the present study, small
RNA sequencing and
RNA sequencing were used to explore alterations in
miRNAs and mRNAs in E5 over-expressing Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells compared with controls. In total, 77
miRNAs (including 30 bovine-derived
miRNAs) and 223 genes were differentially expressed (DE) following E5 overexpression. The dysregulated genes were mainly involved in metabolic and biosynthetic processes. We constructed a potential
miRNA-gene regulatory network from the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and DE
miRNAs. Finally, 22 DEGs and nine DE
miRNAs were selected for RT-qPCR validation. Of these, downregulation of six
miRNAs, bta-miR-34c, bta-miR-122, bta-miR-195, bta-miR-449b, bta-miR-2425-5p, and bta-miR-2428-3p were confirmed; In addition, upregulation of 16 genes, ACSS2, DDIT4, INHBE, INSIG1, PNRC1, PSAT1, PSPH, PYCR1, SC4MOL, SLC34A2, SCD, SPARC, IDI1, PCK2, HMGCS1, and SMIM14 and downregulation of two genes, BATF3 and WFDC2 were confirmed. Specially, bta-miR-34c and bta-miR-449b potentially regulated PYCR1 and DDIT4, which were involved in
cancer progression and angiogenesis. Our study presented for the first time the comprehensive
miRNA and
mRNA alterations in MDBK cells expressing the BPV E5 oncogene, providing new insights into the
tumorigenesis induced by BPV E5.