Antioxidant Properties of Fucoidan Alleviate Acceleration and Exacerbation of Hippocampal Neuronal Death Following Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Gerbils.

Abstract

Fucoidan, a natural sulfated polysaccharide, displays various biological activities including antioxidant properties. We examined the neuroprotective effect of fucoidan against transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese gerbils and its related mechanisms. Gerbils received HFD for 12 weeks and fucoidan (50 mg/kg) daily for the last 5 days during HFD exposure, and they were subjected to 5-min tGCI. Pyramidal cell death was observed only in the CA 1 area (CA1) of the hippocampus in non-obese gerbils 5 days after tGCI. However, in obese gerbils, pyramidal cell death in the CA1 and CA2/3 occurred at 2 days and 5 days, respectively, after tGCI. In the obese gerbils, oxidative stress indicators (dihydroethidium, 8-hydroxyguanine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) were significantly enhanced and antioxidant enzymes (SOD1 and SOD2) were significantly reduced in pre- and post-ischemic phases compared to the non-obese gerbils. Fucoidan treatment attenuated acceleration and exacerbation of tGCI-induced neuronal death in the CA1⁻3, showing that oxidative stress was significantly reduced, and antioxidant enzymes were significantly increased in pre- and post-ischemic phases. These findings indicate that pretreated fucoidan can relieve the acceleration and exacerbation of ischemic brain injury in an obese state via the attenuation of obesity-induced severe oxidative damage.

• Authors: Ji Hyeon Ahn, Myoung Cheol Shin, Dae Won Kim, Hyunjung Kim, Minah Song, Tae-Kyeong Lee, Jae-Chul Lee, Hyeyoung Kim, Jun Hwi Cho, Young-Myeong Kim, Jong-Dai Kim, Soo Young Choi, Moo-Ho Won, Joon Ha Park
• Journal: International journal of molecular sciences (Int J Mol Sci) Vol. 20 Issue 3 (Jan 28 2019) ISSN: 1422-0067 [Electronic] Switzerland
• PMID: 30696078 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Aldehydes
• Antioxidants
• Polysaccharides
• fucoidan
• Superoxide Dismutase
• 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

Topics

• Aldehydes (metabolism)
• Animals
• Antioxidants (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Cell Death (drug effects)
• Diet, High-Fat
• Gerbillinae
• Hippocampus (pathology)
• Ischemic Attack, Transient (drug therapy, metabolism, pathology)
• Male
• Neurons (drug effects, metabolism, pathology)
• Neuroprotection (drug effects)
• Obesity (drug therapy, pathology)
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Polysaccharides (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Superoxide Dismutase (metabolism)