Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth which is a common cause of tooth mortality in all individuals throughout the world. Diabetes is a group of metabolic dysregulation, primarily of carbohydrate metabolism, characterized by
hyperglycemia that results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired
insulin action, or both. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis have shown that the prevalence of
periodontitis is increased in diabetic patients. Based on the evidence, degree of
hyperglycemia and severity of
periodontitis are inter- related. Diabetic patients with severe
periodontitis have six times more poor
glycemic control than patients with healthy periodontium. However, improved
glycemic control has been postulated to reduce the severity of
periodontal disease. In this mini-review, we have presented the previously reviewed studies from the literature and focused on a two-way relationship of diabetes and
periodontitis, various pathways involved in it such as RANK/RANKL/OPG axis, AGE-RAGE pathway, Oxidative stress mechanism, and
obesity that influence the possibility of
periodontitis-
Diabetes Mellitus (DM).