Periodontal Diseases (Periodontal Disease)

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3754 relevant articles (98 outcomes, 562 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.

Also Known As:

Periodontal Disease; Disease, Periodontal; Diseases, Periodontal; Parodontoses; Parodontosis; Pyorrhea Alveolaris

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Stomatognathic Diseases: 273

Mouth Diseases: 56

Periodontal Diseases: 3754

Periodontitis: 3128

Tooth Loss: 303

Furcation Defects: 163

Tooth Mobility: 129

Gingival Diseases: 75

Periapical Diseases: 32

Periodontal Cyst: 15

Tooth Migration: 13

Periodontal Atrophy: 3

Related Diseases

1.	Dental Caries (White Spot)
2.	Periodontitis
3.	Gingivitis
4.	Bone Resorption
5.	Hemorrhage

Experts

1.	Seymour, G J: 7 articles (06/2008 - 06/2001)
2.	Kocher, T: 5 articles (06/2005 - 08/2000)
3.	Meisel, P: 5 articles (02/2004 - 08/2001)
4.	Giannobile, William V: 4 articles (08/2008 - 01/2003)
5.	Emingil, G: 4 articles (03/2008 - 08/2001)
6.	Atilla, Gül: 4 articles (09/2006 - 08/2005)
7.	Emingil, Gülnur: 4 articles (09/2006 - 08/2005)
8.	Van Dyke, Thomas E: 4 articles (10/2005 - 06/2002)
9.	Breivik, Torbjørn: 4 articles (08/2005 - 11/2003)
10.	Buduneli, Nurcan: 3 articles (07/2008 - 04/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Periodontal Diseases:

1.	Metronidazole (Metric)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1986 - "The results showed a significantly greater reduction in the mean probing depth of pockets with the use of metronidazole, but this reduction was apparent only in subjects with severe periodontal disease (PI = 4.0-6.0). " 10/01/1990 - "In the present study, we describe the usefulness of the BANA test at various stages of a clinical trial of the efficacy of metronidazole in the treatment of periodontal disease. " 01/01/2004 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial outcome in patients with recurrent periodontal disease following treatment with 25% metronidazole gel using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). " 03/01/2003 - "CONCLUSION: This study showed that local treatment with 25% metronidazole gel did not seem to influence the clinical healing in this group of subjects with recurrent periodontal disease." 03/01/2003 - "BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome in patients with recurrent periodontal disease following treatment with 25% metronidazole gel. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Tetracycline (Achromycin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1994 - "These results indicate that use of tetracycline fiber plus SRP clearly reduced the clinical signs of periodontal disease and maintained or improved attachment for up to 24 months in sites previously refractory to treatment." 07/01/1991 - "The safety and efficacy of periodontal disease treatment by intrapocket placement of tetracycline (TC) fibers was investigated in a 60-day multicenter study conducted by selecting 4 sites in each subject with 6-10 mm pockets that bled on probing. " 12/01/2001 - "This study examined the creep behavior and oscillatory and flow properties of tetracycline-containing, bioadhesive semisolid formulations, designed for localized treatment of periodontal disease. " 11/01/1996 - "PURPOSE: This study examined the mechanical characteristics and release of tetracycline from bioadhesive, semi-solid systems which were designed for the treatment of periodontal diseases. " 12/01/1989 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical application of strips containing 10% Tetracycline (TC) in periodontal disease. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)IBA 04/01/1996 - "However until more data are available, NSAIDs should not be used in the management of chronic periodontal diseases, there being no specific agent(s) or regimen established for use. " 01/01/1993 - "In addition to recent advances in the identification and control of etiologic bacteria, investigators have indicated promising results using nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as inhibitors of the inflammatory destruction in periodontal disease. " 12/01/2003 - "3. NSAIDS show promise in their ability to slow periodontal disease. " 01/01/1998 - "[The comparative efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents in the combined treatment of periodontal diseases]" 12/01/1997 - "These studies indicate that NSAIDs have the ability to alter or control the progression of periodontal disease. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	TetracyclinesIBA 02/01/2002 - "Other than studies with tetracyclines, this is the first report of beneficial effects of MMPIs in a model of periodontal disease, strongly suggesting that this class of agents could bring therapeutic benefit to patients with this disorder, and that periodontal disease can be used as a model to demonstrate in vivo efficacy of this class of drugs." 01/01/2000 - "This concise review presents with figures, tables, and a comprehensive list of references the many studies which have used the various tetracyclines as LDDS to treat periodontal disease." 01/01/1994 - "Several recent studies have also addressed the therapeutic potential of tetracyclines and CMTs in periodontal disease. " 04/01/2004 - "Tetracyclines have been shown to regulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in numerous cell types with various periodontal disease models. " 05/01/2000 - "[Clinical use of tetracyclines in the treatment of periodontal diseases]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	ToothpasteIBA 08/08/2009 - "A number of toothpastes have been developed for the prevention and control of periodontal disease. " 10/01/2007 - "The toothpaste containing the lotus leaf-derived inhibitor could be useful in preventing periodontal disease." 10/01/2007 - "OBJECTIVES: To search for a substance in lotus leaf that could efficiently be used in toothpaste for preventing periodontal disease. " 01/01/2001 - "It is an ingredient of many drugs; it is added to toothpastes as a prophylactic component for periodontal diseases. " 04/01/1988 - "[Cytological assessment of the action of Mentadent C toothpaste on the gingival epithelium in patients with periodontal diseases]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	CollagenIBA 04/01/2009 - "The purpose of this in situ study is to quantify the inflammatory cell subsets and the area fraction (AA%) occupied by collagen fibers in human healthy and diseased (four different stages) gingival connective tissue in order to establish a possible correlation between periodontal disease resulting in collagen breakdown and specific inflammatory cell subsets. " 02/01/2009 - "A previous study suggested a reduction in the area occupied by collagen in the gingiva, during the first week of periodontal disease induction, however, the remaining fibers were more compact and thicker. " 07/01/2000 - "CONCLUSIONS: This study showed great differences in the number of the distinct inflammatory cell subsets according to the severity of the periodontal disease and suggested that activated cytotoxic cells could play a pivotal role in the loss of collagen fibers observed during these pathological states. " 06/30/1999 - "Host-modulation of bone-related collagen breakdown has been shown by studies in humans demonstrating that MMP inhibition blocks tissue destruction and release of C-telopeptides in patients with active periodontal disease." 02/01/2009 - "The results demonstrated the occurrence of marked reorganization of the gingival extracellular matrix in response to the inflammatory process, indicating a new paradigm in the periodontal disease progression: collagen degradation and fibers thickening, simultaneously." Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 08/01/1993 - "Clinical studies do, however, support the use of antibiotics in the treatment of specific periodontal diseases." 09/22/2008 - "The effects of antibiotics on in vitro biofilm model of periodontal disease." 09/01/2008 - "Plaque-induced inflammatory periodontal disease affects a significant number of the population, and raises the question as to why antibiotics are not universally used to treat a disease in which bacteria are the main aetiological agent. " 09/01/2008 - "Systemic antibiotics have been recommended for the treatment of destructive periodontal disease. " 06/01/2008 - "Antibiotics in the treatment of periodontal diseases: microbiological basis and clinical applications." Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	FluoridesIBA 01/01/2002 - "To address this issue, the study was conducted to assess severity of periodontal disease among (n = 283) 36-45 years old adults residing in area of different concentration of fluoride in drinking water. " 10/01/2009 - "The severity of periodontal disease was significantly associated with fluoride levels, with cases of loss of attachment gradually decreasing when moving from low fluoride areas to high fluoride areas. " 10/01/2009 - "The Chi-square test was used to compare proportions, and logistic regression analysis was used to determine the contribution of water fluoride levels to periodontal disease. " 10/01/2009 - "Fluoride - an adjunctive therapeutic agent for periodontal disease? " 04/01/2007 - "It goes a long way to reason out fluoride as an important etiological agent in periodontal disease." Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Triclosan (pHisoHex)FDA Link 07/01/1992 - "The infectious nature of periodontal disease, the importance of oral microbial ecology, the success of triclosan formulations, and the review of our current knowledge based upon clinical trials are emphasized." 04/27/2005 - "The aim of this work was to produce and characterize triclosan-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) by the emulsification-diffusion process, in an attempt to obtain a novel delivery system adequate for the treatment of periodontal disease. " 04/01/2000 - "It is concluded that in the periodontal disease state, both triclosan and triclosan monophosphate affected the Gram-negative anaerobes to a greater extent than the Gram-positive groups and that this effect was more marked for triclosan monophosphate." 04/01/2000 - "The periodontal disease-like microcosm steady state was dominated by streptococci, Fusobacterium, Veillonella, Actinomyces, Prevotella and Porphyromonas sp. with low numbers of Neisseria and Lactobacillus sp. Significant ecological shifts were apparent following pulses of triclosan. " 01/01/2004 - "When delivered to the mouth in oral care products, Triclosan can selectively inhibit Gram negative anaerobic bacteria implicated in gingivitis and periodontal diseases, while leaving species associated with oral health relatively unaffected. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Interferon-gamma (Interferon, gamma)IBA 11/01/2003 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between gingival crevicular fluid interferon gamma (GCF IFN-gamma) and clinical measures of periodontal disease in HIV+ individuals. " 06/01/2005 - "In contrast to the inhibitory effect of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) on RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis reported recently, alternative new evidence is demonstrated via studies of experimental periodontitis using humanized NOD/SCID and diabetic NOD mice and clinical human T-cell isolates from diseased periodontal tissues, where the presence of increasing IFN-gamma is clearly associated with (i) enhanced Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans-specific RANKL-expressing CD4(+) Th cell-mediated alveolar bone loss during the progression of periodontal disease and (ii) a concomitant and significantly increased coexpression of IFN-gamma in RANKL(+) CD4(+) Th cells. " 08/01/2002 - "In contrast, SHAM treatment caused high plasma interferon-gamma cytokine levels and protective effects in periodontal disease. " 02/01/2008 - "RESULTS: Our results showed no significant difference in the allele and genotype frequencies of interleukin-4 (C-590T) and interferon-gamma (G5644A) gene polymorphisms between patients with periodontal disease and controls. " 04/01/1992 - "A group of factors which are negative regulators of inflammation including TGF-beta, gamma-interferon, and IL-1 receptor antagonist provide potential for assessment of periodontal disease in remission or in the healing phase. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Oral Hygiene (Dental Hygiene) 05/01/1980 - "With an optimal level of oral hygiene, periodontal disease can be cured and further destruction of the periodontal tissues avoided irrespective of the surgical technique utilized for pocket elimination. " 02/01/2000 - "Periodontal disease prevalence was high but would respond to improved oral hygiene. " 06/01/1998 - "Improved diagnostics based on more precise periodontal disease classification, simplification of mechanical oral hygiene equipment and procedures, and the development of conventional and non-conventional chemical and physical adjuncts may be expected to reduce the rate of common periodontal disease advance, resulting in less complex treatments, and more of the latter coming to lie within the competence of the generalist and the hygienist working together. " 02/01/1998 - "The son also had palmar plantar hyperkeratosis, but despite the fact that he initially harboured Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis, he did not develop periodontal disease over a seven-year observation period when improved oral hygiene and professional tooth cleaning were instituted." 01/01/2009 - "CONCLUSION: This study indicates that subjects who misuse alcohol have poor oral hygiene and are at risk for the development of periodontal disease and OML. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Root Planing 12/01/2003 - "BACKGROUND: Although mechanical non-surgical therapy (scaling and root planing) is the most common means of initial treatment of periodontal diseases, the relative clinical efficacy of various methods, including manual versus machine-driven, with or without adjunctive agents, has not been determined. " 11/01/1991 - "By common methods like scaling and root planing, flap procedures or surgical furcation treatment, a successful therapy of periodontal disease is possible in about 90% of the cases. " 03/01/2009 - "If ongoing large and well-designed randomized trials support our results, we might need to reassess current practice or at least be cautious prior to rejecting treatment of periodontal disease with scaling and/or root planing during pregnancy." 01/01/2000 - "This study indicates that smokers have different treatment response patterns and healing dynamics compared to non-smokers following scaling and root planing, suggesting that for smoking patients a more intensive treatment regimen is needed for a better treatment outcome and reduced risk for further periodontal disease progression." 11/01/1984 - "This study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effect of root planing as compared to that of surgical periodontal treatment in patients with advanced periodontal disease. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 04/01/1996 - "Chemotherapy has an important place in the management of chronic periodontal diseases but routine use must be considered as an over prescription of these valuable agents." 03/01/1997 - "The approval of pharmaceutical products for the treatment and/or prevention of periodontal diseases requires presentation of evidence that supports the safety and efficacy of the particular drug therapy in question. " 09/01/1987 - "This study characterized the subgingival microbial flora associated with 27 acute exacerbations of preexistent periodontal disease in 24 patients with chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. " 12/01/2009 - "The SA-based PAE/antimicrobial blends are being investigated as an improvement on current localized drug therapies used to treat periodontal disease." 11/01/2005 - "[Treatment of periodontal disease: Part VI. Concepts of periodontal drug therapy]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Ligation 12/01/1994 - "Positive results in these two models--the dog with natural periodontal disease and the non-human primate with ligature-induced attachment loss--justify human clinical trial testing of a putative regenerative therapy." 09/01/2009 - "Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of RGZ in a rat model of periodontal disease induced by ligature placed around the mandible first molars of each animal. " 02/01/2009 - "The aim of the present study was to investigate the gingival extracellular matrix in a model of ligature-induced periodontal disease. " 08/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to analyze structural changes in the rat gingival epithelium and connective tissue in response to the experimental periodontal disease induced by the ligature technique, under the influence of diabetes. " 01/01/2007 - "The aim of the present study was to determine the role of chronic stress in the pathogenesis of ligature-induced periodontal disease in rats. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Dental Care 01/01/2003 - "The high incidence of periodontal disease among adults in the Western world indicates that in most cases, routine dental care could be considerably improved. " 01/01/2007 - "CONCLUSIONS: Although a needs-based dental care model appears effective in managing periodontal disease among those receiving active therapy, patients who receive sporadic care may deteriorate over time. " 01/01/2007 - "CONCLUSIONS: Data from this study demonstrate that there is knowledge of periodontal disease and its potential role as a pregnancy risk factor but suggest limited incorporation of dental care into clinical medical practice." 10/01/1993 - "The purpose of this investigation was to study clinically as well as microbiologically the effect of sibling relationship on the periodontal condition in a young population with a relatively high prevalence of periodontal disease and deprived from regular dental care. " 09/01/2009 - "Alcohol dependence may increase plaque levels above that seen in race, gender, age, and SES-matched controls, but professional dental care can limit the subsequent development of periodontal disease in these people." Order ALL the reference details at left...

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