Platycodon grandiflorum-derived saponin enhances exercise function, skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and mitochondrial function.

Abstract

Lower physical performance is an important risk factor in hypokinetic-related chronic disease, metabolic syndrome, and muscle atrophy. Our previous research demonstrated that Platycodon grandiflorum-derived saponin (PS) protects against eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage and mitochondrial function-related peroxisomal acyl-coenzme A oxidase (ACOX-1) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT-1) in high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and it inhibits osteoclast differentiation. However, the effects of PS on physical performance remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether PS enhances physical activity and skeletal muscle function. Supplementation with PS (2 mg/kg for 4 weeks) increased grip strength, wheel running repetition, and time to exhaustion in treadmill and swimming exercises. Marked increases in the synthesis of skeletal muscle proteins and muscle stem cell-related paired-box 7 (PAX7) were observed, and a decrease in the negative regulator myostatin was associated with enhanced muscle regeneration. Furthermore, PS induced expression of mitochondrial function proteins, including OXPHOS-III and -IV, in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that PS enhances exercise function by ameliorating skeletal muscle protein synthesis and mitochondrial function.

• Authors: Yong An Kim, Sun Woo Jin, Suck Hoon Oh, Gi Ho Lee, Hoa Thi Pham, Jae Ho Choi, Young Chul Chung, Wang Lok Lee, Sang Kyum Kim, Hye Gwang Jeong
• Journal: Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association (Food Chem Toxicol) Vol. 118 Pg. 94-104 (Aug 2018) ISSN: 1873-6351 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 29723585 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Muscle Proteins
• Myostatin
• PAX7 Transcription Factor
• Pax7 protein, mouse
• Saponins

Topics

• Animals
• Cell Line
• Male
• Mice, Inbred ICR
• Mitochondria, Muscle (drug effects, metabolism)
• Muscle Proteins (biosynthesis)
• Muscle, Skeletal (drug effects, metabolism)
• Myostatin (metabolism)
• Oxidative Phosphorylation
• PAX7 Transcription Factor (biosynthesis)
• Physical Conditioning, Animal
• Platycodon (chemistry)
• Saponins (pharmacology)