M1 and M2 macrophages differentially regulate hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and ex vivo expansion.

Abstract

Uncovering the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal is regulated can lead to the development of new strategies for promoting ex vivo HSC expansion. Here, we report the discovery that alternative (M2)-polarized macrophages (M2-MΦs) promote, but classical (M1)-polarized macrophages (M1-MΦs) inhibit, the self-renewal and expansion of HSCs from mouse bone marrow (BM) in vitro. The opposite effects of M1-MΦs and M2-MΦs on mouse BM HSCs were attributed to their differential expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and arginase 1 (Arg1), because genetic knockout of Nos2 and Arg1 or inhibition of these enzymes with a specific inhibitor abrogated the differential effects of M1-MΦs and M2-MΦs. The opposite effects of M1-MΦs and M2-MΦs on HSCs from human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) were also observed when hUCB CD34+ cells were cocultured with M1-MΦs and M2-MΦs generated from hUCB CD34- cells. Importantly, coculture of hUCB CD34+ cells with human M2-MΦs for 8 days resulted in 28.7- and 6.6-fold increases in the number of CD34+ cells and long-term SCID mice-repopulating cells, respectively, compared with uncultured hUCB CD34+ cells. Our findings could lead to the development of new strategies to promote ex vivo hUCB HSC expansion to improve the clinical utility and outcome of hUCB HSC transplantation and may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of hematological dysfunctions associated with infection and inflammation that can lead to differential macrophage polarization.

• Authors: Yi Luo, Lijian Shao, Jianhui Chang, Wei Feng, Y Lucy Liu, Michele H Cottler-Fox, Peter D Emanuel, Martin Hauer-Jensen, Irwin D Bernstein, Lingbo Liu, Xing Chen, Jianfeng Zhou, Peter J Murray, Daohong Zhou
• Journal: Blood advances (Blood Adv) Vol. 2 Issue 8 Pg. 859-870 (04 24 2018) ISSN: 2473-9537 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 29666049 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2018 by The American Society of Hematology.

Chemical References

• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
• Nos2 protein, mouse
• Arg1 protein, mouse
• Arginase

Topics

• Animals
• Arginase (metabolism)
• Cell Proliferation (drug effects)
• Cell Self Renewal (drug effects)
• Coculture Techniques
• Fetal Blood (cytology)
• Hematopoietic Stem Cells (cytology)
• Humans
• Macrophages (physiology)
• Male
• Mice
• Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II (metabolism)