Monitoring inflammation injuries in the progression of atherosclerosis with contrast enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

The upregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) on vascular endothelium plays a great role in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). In this study, ultrasound molecular imaging was performed to monitor the inflammation injuries in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis with microbubbles targeted to VCAM-1.

METHODS:

Mice deficient for the apolipoprotein E (ApoE-/-mice) with high-cholesterol diet were studied as an age-dependent model of atherosclerosis. At 8, 16, 24, and 32 weeks of age, contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEU) molecular imaging of proximal ascending aorta was performed with microbubbles targeted to VCAM-1. Plaque size, monocytes infiltration and the expression of VCAM-1 in the proximal ascending aorta were assessed by histology and western blot analysis, separately.

RESULTS:

In ApoE-/- mice, molecular imaging for VCAM-1 detected selective signal enhancement (P<0.01 versus non-targeted microbubbles) at all ages of ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, signals from targeted microbubbles increased from 8wks to 32wks age (P<0.05 for trend) in ApoE-/- mice, indicating the upregulation of VCAM-1 with the progression of atherosclerosis. Consistent with CEU imaging results, both western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of VCAM-1 and monocytes infiltration were age-dependent in ApoE-/- mice.

CONCLUSIONS:

CEU molecular imaging can be used to noninvasively detect the VCAM-1 expression on the endothelium in the progression of atherosclerosis. By investigating specific molecular biomarkers, it could help to monitor the inflammation and the progression of AS, which may in some extent contribute to the prediction of vulnerable plaque.

• Authors: Ruiying Sun, Jie Tian, Jun Zhang, Liping Wang, Jing Guo, Yani Liu
• Journal: PloS one (PLoS One) Vol. 12 Issue 10 Pg. e0186155 ( 2017) ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 28982198 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Apolipoproteins E
• Contrast Media
• Lipids
• Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1

Topics

• Animals
• Apolipoproteins E (genetics)
• Atherosclerosis (complications, diagnostic imaging, pathology)
• Blotting, Western
• Contrast Media
• Disease Progression
• Immunohistochemistry
• Inflammation (complications, pathology)
• Lipids (blood)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (metabolism)
• Ventricular Function, Left