Immune-inflammatory activation after a single laparotomy in a rat model: effect of adenosine, lidocaine and Mg2+ infusion to dampen the stress response.

Abstract

Our aim was to examine the effect of low-volume 0.9% NaCl adenosine, lidocaine and Mg2+ (ALM) 'drip' on early immune-inflammatory activation after a single laparotomy with no further manipulation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and randomly assigned to one of the groups, baseline, 1 h infusion 0.9% NaCl ± ALM and metrics, 1 h infusion and 6-h metrics, and 6 h continuous infusion and metrics. Complete blood count, acid-base balance, systemic levels of IL-6 and IL-10, and coagulation status were measured. After 1 h, there was a disproportionate increase in circulating neutrophils between saline and ALM groups despite an identical 45% fall in lymphocytes. Disproportionate increases also occurred in platelet counts 1 h after surgery, and saline controls had increased respiratory alkalosis at 6 h with higher lactate. Systemic inflammation was also evident after 1 h in both groups (plasma IL-6 increase) and was amplified in saline-controls after 6 h. The ALM group increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Surgery was not associated with acute coagulopathy; however, there were significant reductions in fibrinolysis. Following a single laparotomy, ALM infusion appeared to reduce stress-induced release of neutrophils and platelets into the circulation, and reduced acid-base disturbance. After 1 h, both groups had similar IL-6 levels, but ALM animals had increased IL-10, indicating improved inflammatory balance. The uncoupling of inflammation and coagulation activation but not fibrinolysis may offer a unique opportunity to investigate differential activation of innate immunity in response to sterile injury in this model.

• Authors: Lisa Davenport, Hayley L Letson, Geoffrey P Dobson
• Journal: Innate immunity (Innate Immun) Vol. 23 Issue 5 Pg. 482-494 (07 2017) ISSN: 1753-4267 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 28691873 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Complex Mixtures
• Interleukin-6
• Interleukin-10
• Lidocaine
• Magnesium
• Adenosine

Topics

• Adenosine (chemistry, therapeutic use)
• Alkalosis, Respiratory
• Animals
• Blood Coagulation
• Blood Platelets (pathology)
• Complex Mixtures (chemistry, therapeutic use)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Fibrinolysis
• Humans
• Immunity, Innate
• Inflammation (drug therapy, etiology)
• Infusions, Intravenous
• Interleukin-10 (blood)
• Interleukin-6 (blood)
• Laparotomy
• Lidocaine (chemistry, therapeutic use)
• Magnesium (chemistry, therapeutic use)
• Male
• Neutrophils (pathology)
• Postoperative Complications (drug therapy)
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley