Recent studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs play crucial roles in numerous
cancers, including
thyroid cancer, while their function in the mechanism of
thyroid cancer 131I resistance has not been elucidated to date. The present study identified a functional
long non-coding RNA, SLC6A9-5:2, which was involved in the radioactive
therapy resistance of
thyroid cancer. We demonstrated that SLC6A9-5:2 was remarkably downregulated in 131I-resistant
thyroid cancer cell lines and 131I-insensitive patients and was positively correlated with
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) expression and its activation. After downregulating SLC6A9 or blocking PARP-1 artificially, the sensitive
thyroid cancer cells mostly displayed a tolerant phenotype under 131I exposure. Furthermore, SLC6A9-5:2 overexpression was positively correlated with PARP-1
mRNA and
protein levels, which restored the sensitivity of resistant
thyroid cancer cells. The present study further revealed that
cancer cell death was primarily caused by
ATP exhaustion in excessive DNA repair with high PARP-1 activity. In patients with
thyroid cancer, a positive correlation between SLC6A9-5:2 and PARP-1 was identified, and low SLC6A9-5:2 expression was associated with a worse prognosis of
papillary thyroid carcinoma. Hence, our data provide a new
lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism implying that SLC6A9-5:2 can be used as a novel therapeutic target for 131I-resistant
thyroid cancer.