Association of a PAI-1 Gene Polymorphism and Early Life Infections with Asthma Risk, Exacerbations, and Reduced Lung Function.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is induced in airways by virus and may mediate asthmatic airway remodeling. We sought to evaluate if genetic variants and early life lower respiratory infections jointly affect asthma risk.

METHODS:

We included Latino children, adolescents, and young adults aged 8-21 years (1736 subjects with physician-diagnosed asthma and 1747 healthy controls) from five U.S. centers and Puerto Rico after excluding subjects with incomplete clinical or genetic data. We evaluated the independent and joint effects of a PAI-1 gain of function polymorphism and bronchiolitis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) or other lower respiratory infections (LRI) within the first 2 years of life on asthma risk, asthma exacerbations and lung function.

RESULTS:

RSV infection (OR 9.9, 95%CI 4.9-20.2) and other LRI (OR 9.1, 95%CI 7.2-11.5) were independently associated with asthma, but PAI-1 genotype was not. There were joint effects on asthma risk for both genotype-RSV (OR 17.7, 95% CI 6.3-50.2) and genotype-LRI (OR 11.7, 95% CI 8.8-16.4). A joint effect of genotype-RSV resulted in a 3.1-fold increased risk for recurrent asthma hospitalizations. In genotype-respiratory infection joint effect analysis, FEV1% predicted and FEV1/FVC % predicted were further reduced in the genotype-LRI group (β -2.1, 95% CI -4.0 to -0.2; β -2.0, 95% CI -3.1 to -0.8 respectively). Similarly, lower FEV1% predicted was noted in genotype-RSV group (β -3.1, 95% CI -6.1 to -0.2) with a trend for lower FEV1/FVC % predicted.

CONCLUSIONS:

A genetic variant of PAI-1 together with early life LRI such as RSV bronchiolitis is associated with an increased risk of asthma, morbidity, and reduced lung function in this Latino population.

• Authors: Seong H Cho, Jin-Young Min, Dong Young Kim, Sam S Oh, Dara R Torgerson, Maria Pino-Yanes, Donglei Hu, Saunak Sen, Scott Huntsman, Celeste Eng, Harold J Farber, William Rodriguez-Cintron, Jose R Rodriguez-Santana, Denise Serebrisky, Shannon M Thyne, Luisa N Borrell, L Keoki Williams, William DuPont, Max A Seibold, Esteban G Burchard, Pedro C Avila, Rajesh Kumar
• Journal: PloS one (PLoS One) Vol. 11 Issue 8 Pg. e0157848 ( 2016) ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 27556405 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)

Chemical References

• Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Alleles
• Asthma (epidemiology, etiology, pathology, physiopathology)
• Case-Control Studies
• Child
• Disease Progression
• Ethnicity (genetics)
• Female
• Genetic Association Studies
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease
• Genotype
• Humans
• Male
• Odds Ratio
• Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (genetics)
• Polymorphism, Genetic
• Respiratory Function Tests
• Respiratory Tract Infections (epidemiology, etiology, pathology, physiopathology)
• Risk Assessment
• Risk Factors
• Socioeconomic Factors
• United States (epidemiology)
• Young Adult