Cancer disease is the second leading cause of death across the world. The analysis of potential
biomarkers of
cancer can be useful in
cancer screening or
cancer diagnosis, and may provide valuable information on the disease risk and progression.
Pterin compounds have been studied as candidates of potential
biomarkers as their elevated levels have been reported in various
cancer diseases. The objective of the study was to compare the profiles of six
pterin compounds in urine of 35 healthy subjects and 46 patients diagnosed of
bladder cancer with the use of HPLC coupled with fluorimetric detection. The results of the chromatographic analysis together with biostatistical-based approach showed, that the concentrations of
pterin compounds in
bladder cancer patients were higher as compared to healthy individuals, and statistically significant differences between patients and controls were reported for
xanthopterin and
isoxanthopterin. Moreover, gender-specific analysis revealed, that the concentrations of
pterins in the group of women reached higher values in comparison to men. For metabolites juxtaposed in pairs, namely
xanthopterin and
isoxanthopterin as well as for
neopterin and
biopterin, we found significant positive correlations in the group of both, patients and healthy individuals. We therefore conclude, that chromatographic analysis with simultaneous extensive biostatistical-based interpretation of the metabolite profiles may provide deeper understanding of the relationships between
pterin metabolites. The results do not prejudge the possibility of using
pterin compounds in the diagnosis of
bladder tumors. However the results may have an impact on the study of
bladder cancer biomarkers.