Real Time Metastatic Route Tracking of Orthotopic PC-3-GFP Human Prostate Cancer Using Intravital Imaging.

Abstract

The cellular basis of metastasis is poorly understood. An important step to understanding this process is to be able to visualize the routes by which cancer cells migrate from the primary tumor to various distant sites to eventually form metastasis. Our laboratory previously developed single-cell in vivo imaging using fluorescent proteins to label cancer cells. In the present study, using PC-3 human prostate cancer cells labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and orthotopic tumor transplantation, we have imaged in live mice various highly diverse routes by which PC-3 cells metastasize superiorly and inferiorly to distant sites, including in the portal area, stomach area, and urogenital system. Imaging began at day 9, at which time distant metastasis had already occurred, and increased at each imaging point at days 10, 13, 14, and 16. Metastatic cells were observed migrating superiorly and inferiorly from the primary tumor as well as in lymphatic channels and trafficking in various organ systems demonstrating that PC-3 has multiple metastatic routes similar to hormone-independent advanced-stage prostate cancer in the clinic.

• Authors: Yong Zhang, Xiaoen Wang, Robert M Hoffman, Naohiko Seki
• Journal: Journal of cellular biochemistry (J Cell Biochem) Vol. 117 Issue 4 Pg. 1027-32 (Apr 2016) ISSN: 1097-4644 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26515240 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Chemical References

• Green Fluorescent Proteins

Topics

• Animals
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Movement
• Cell Tracking (methods)
• Diagnostic Imaging (methods)
• Gene Expression
• Genes, Reporter
• Green Fluorescent Proteins (genetics, metabolism)
• Humans
• Lymphatic Metastasis
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Nude
• Mice, Transgenic
• Neoplasm Invasiveness
• Neoplasm Transplantation
• Pancreatic Neoplasms (diagnosis, genetics, secondary, ultrastructure)
• Prostate (metabolism, pathology, ultrastructure)
• Prostatic Neoplasms (diagnosis, genetics, pathology, ultrastructure)
• Stomach Neoplasms (diagnosis, genetics, secondary, ultrastructure)
• Testicular Neoplasms (diagnosis, genetics, secondary, ultrastructure)
• Transplantation, Heterologous
• Urinary Bladder Neoplasms (diagnosis, genetics, secondary, ultrastructure)