Periodontal therapy and systemic inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis.

Abstract

AIM:

The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of periodontal therapy (PT) on serum levels of inflammatory markers in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:

A literature search was carried out using MEDLINE via Pubmed, EMBASE, LILACS and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases. Randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) evaluating the effect of PT on systemic inflammatory markers were deemed eligible. Case series (CS), reports and pilot trials were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk assessment tool. Meta-analysis was carried out using random effect methods.

RESULTS:

The search strategy identified 3,164 potential studies of which 61 were assessed for eligibility and 9 (6 RCTs and 3 CCTs) were included in this systematic review. Three RCTs were classified by the authors as being at low risk of bias and three were "unclear" and classified as uncertain risk of bias. All CCTs were considered to be at a high risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed a statistically significant mean difference (MD) for TNF- α (-1.33 pg/ml, 95% CI: -2.10; -0.56, p<0.001) and CRP (-1.28 mg/l, 95% CI: -2.07; - 0.48, p<0.001) favoring periodontal intervention versus control.

CONCLUSION:

The results of this meta-analysis support the hypothesis that PT reduces serum levels of TNF- α and CRP in T2DM individuals. The decrease of inflammatory burden has important implications for metabolic control and can, in part, explain the mechanisms linking periodontitis and increased risk for complications in people with T2DM.

• Authors: Hilana Paula Carillo Artese, Adriana Moura Foz, Mariana de Sousa Rabelo, Giovane Hisse Gomes, Marco Orlandi, Jean Suvan, Francesco D'Aiuto, Giuseppe Alexandre Romito
• Journal: PloS one (PLoS One) Vol. 10 Issue 5 Pg. e0128344 ( 2015) ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 26010492 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Systematic Review)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
• C-Reactive Protein

Topics

• Biomarkers (blood)
• C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
• Clinical Trials as Topic
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (blood, immunology)
• Humans
• Periodontitis (blood, therapy)
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (blood)