Salivary interleukin-17 and tumor necrosis factor-α in relation to periodontitis and glycemic status in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Poorly-controlled glycemic status in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is suggested to play a role in the periodontal inflammatory process by aggregating the local cytokine response. Our objectives were to profile salivary interleukin (IL)-17 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in subjects with T2DM and to examine their relevance for the periodontal health status and glycemic control levels.

METHODS:

Unstimulated whole saliva samples, together with full-mouth periodontal recordings (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP %], gingival index [GI], probing pocket depth [PPD], and clinical attachment level [CAL]), were collected from 123 subjects with T2DM. Additionally, demographic and general health parameters, including fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were collected. Salivary IL-17 and TNF-α concentrations were analyzed using the Luminex®-xMAP™ technique.

RESULTS:

Subjects with poorly-controlled T2DM (HbA1c ≥ 7) had elevated serum triglyceride (P < 0.001) concentration as well as elevated scores of BOP % (P = 0.014), PI (P = 0.048), GI (P = 0.033), and CAL (P = 0.003) in comparison to those of well-controlled T2DM (HbA1c < 7). When the subjects with detectable salivary IL-17 were categorized in tertiles, the scores of PPD and BOP%, and salivary TNF-α concentrations were significantly elevated in the highest (P = 0.007, P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively) and middle (P = 0.052, P = 0.022, and P = 0.003, respectively) tertiles compared to subjects with non-detectable salivary IL-17. The adjusted association between PPD measurements and salivary IL-17 concentrations was significant (P = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS:

Poorly-controlled glycemic status relates to the severity of periodontal disease in T2DM. The association between PPD and IL-17 in saliva, however, is independent from the effect of glycemic status.

• Authors: Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy, Sinem Yildiz Çiftlikli, Eija Könönen, Mervi Gürsoy, Başak Doğan
• Journal: Journal of diabetes (J Diabetes) Vol. 7 Issue 5 Pg. 681-8 (Sep 2015) ISSN: 1753-0407 [Electronic] Australia
• PMID: 25327309 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2014 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Glycated Hemoglobin A
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Interleukin-17
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Topics

• Adult
• Blood Glucose (metabolism)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (complications, drug therapy, metabolism)
• Female
• Glycated Hemoglobin (analysis)
• Humans
• Hypoglycemic Agents (therapeutic use)
• Interleukin-17 (analysis)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Periodontitis (complications, metabolism)
• Saliva (chemistry)
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (analysis)