Severe community onset healthcare-associated Clostridium difficile infection complicated by carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) bloodstream infection (BSI) are emerging health-care associated (HCA) diseases of public health concern, in terms of morbidity, mortality, and insufficient response to antibiotic therapy. Both agents can be acquired in the hospital but clinical disease can develop in a community setting, after discharge. We report here a putative link between the above-mentioned healthcare associated infections that appeared as a dramatic community onset disease with a fulminant fatal outcome.

CASE PRESENTATION:

We describe the case of a 63 year old man affected by severe CDI. Even though the patient underwent 72 hours of standard CDI antibiotic treatment, the clinical course was complicated by toxic megacolon and KPC-Kp BSI. The patient died 24 hours after total colectomy.

CONCLUSION:

The impact of HCA-BSIs in complicating CDI is still unknown. Intestinal inflammatory injury and disruption of intestinal flora by standard antibiotic treatment could be responsible for promoting difficult-to-treat infections in CDI. By preserving intestinal flora, Fidaxomicin could have a crucial role in preventing BSIs complicating severe CDI.

• Authors: Simone Giuliano, Maurizio Guastalegname, Miryam Jenco, Andrea Morelli, Marco Falcone, Mario Venditti
• Journal: BMC infectious diseases (BMC Infect Dis) Vol. 14 Pg. 475 (Sep 01 2014) ISSN: 1471-2334 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 25178451 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Aminoglycosides
• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• Bacterial Proteins
• beta-Lactamases
• carbapenemase
• Fidaxomicin

Topics

• Aminoglycosides (chemistry, therapeutic use)
• Anti-Bacterial Agents (therapeutic use)
• Bacteremia (mortality)
• Bacterial Proteins (chemistry)
• Clostridioides difficile
• Clostridium Infections (blood, drug therapy, mortality)
• Coinfection
• Cross Infection (drug therapy, mortality)
• Fatal Outcome
• Fidaxomicin
• Hospitals
• Humans
• Klebsiella Infections (mortality)
• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Male
• Middle Aged
• beta-Lactamases (chemistry)