Escin, a natural mixture of
triterpene saponins isolated from horse chestnut, has been reported to possess anticancer activity in many human
cancer cells. However, the effect of
escin on the
metastasis has not been studied. The present study examined the effect of
escin on the migration and invasion of AGS human
gastric cancer cells. To examine the effects of
escin on metastatic capacities of
gastric cancer cells, AGS cells were cultured in the presence of 0-4 μmol/L
escin.
Escin inhibited cell migration and invasion in AGS cells. However,
escin did not affect the viability of these cells at these concentrations. The
chemokine receptor and its
ligands play an important role in
cancer metastasis.
Escin decreased the production of soluble C-X-C motif
chemokine (CXCL)16 but increased the expression of trans-membranous CXCL16. The expression of
C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR)6 was not affected by
escin treatment. Exogenous CXCL16 reversed
escin-induced migration inhibition. In addition,
escin inhibited the phosphorylation of
focal adhesion kinase and Akt. These results demonstrate that
escin inhibited the migration and invasion of AGS cells, which is associated with altered CXCL16/CXCR6 axis. These findings suggest that
escin has potential as an antimetastatic agent in
gastric cancer.