Abstract | PURPOSE: METHODS: EIU was induced in Lewis rats via 200 μg subcutaneous injections of LPS from Escherichia coli. Echinochrome was administered intravenously in 10, 1, or 0.1 mg/kg doses suspended in PBS (controls were injected with PBS only). Twenty-four hours after LPS injection, the number of infiltrating cells and the protein concentration in aqueous humor were determined. Aqueous tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) concentration was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, eyes were stained with nuclear factor (NF) κB antibodies, and ROS production was determined by dihydroethidium staining in fresh frozen samples. RESULTS: The number of inflammatory aqueous cells and protein levels were lower in the groups treated with 10 and 1 mg/kg of echinochrome than in the untreated LPS group (p<0.01). Treatment with 10 and 1 mg/kg of echinochrome significantly reduced TNF-α concentrations in aqueous humor (p<0.01). The numbers of NFκB-positive cells and ROS signals were also reduced by echinochrome administration (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Echinochrome ameliorated intraocular inflammation caused by EIU by reducing ROS production, thereby also decreasing the expression of NFκB and TNF-α. As a natural pigment, echinochrome may therefore be a promising candidate for the safe treatment of intraocular inflammation. The use of sea urchin shells and spines in health foods and medical products is thus both economically and environmentally meaningful.
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Authors | Anton Lennikov, Nobuyoshi Kitaichi, Kousuke Noda, Kazuomi Mizuuchi, Ryo Ando, Zhenyu Dong, Junichi Fukuhara, Satoshi Kinoshita, Kenichi Namba, Shigeaki Ohno, Susumu Ishida |
Journal | Molecular vision
(Mol Vis)
Vol. 20
Pg. 171-7
( 2014)
ISSN: 1090-0535 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 24520186
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Endotoxins
- Lipopolysaccharides
- NF-kappa B
- Naphthoquinones
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- echinochrome A
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Topics |
- Animals
- Aqueous Humor
(metabolism)
- Endotoxins
- Immunohistochemistry
- Injections
- Isomerism
- Lipopolysaccharides
- Male
- NF-kappa B
(metabolism)
- Naphthoquinones
(chemistry, therapeutic use)
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Reactive Oxygen Species
(metabolism)
- Sea Urchins
(chemistry)
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
(metabolism)
- Uveitis
(chemically induced, drug therapy)
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