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Noninvasive ventilation and breathing-swallowing interplay in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease*.

AbstractOBJECTIVES:
To investigate breathing-swallowing interactions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring noninvasive mechanical ventilation and, if needed, to develop a technical modification of the ventilator designed to eliminate ventilator insufflations during swallowing.
DESIGN:
We conducted a prospective, open-label, interventional study.
PATIENTS:
Fifteen consecutive chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with exacerbations requiring ICU admission and NIV.
INTERVENTIONS:
Swallowing performance and breathing-swallowing interactions were investigated noninvasively by chin electromyography, cervical piezoelectric sensor, and inductive respiratory plethysmography. Two water-bolus sizes (5 and 10 mL) were tested in random order. Swallowing was tested with and without noninvasive mechanical ventilation, in random order. First, a standard mechanical ventilator capable of delivering noninvasive mechanical ventilation was used. Second, a marketed device was equipped with an off-switch for use during swallowing.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Swallowing performance and breathing-swallowing interactions were investigated noninvasively by chin electromyography, cervical piezoelectric sensor, and inductive respiratory plethysmography. Two water bolus sizes (5 and 10 mL) were tested in random order. Swallowing was tested with and without noninvasive mechanical ventilation in random order. First, a standard mechanical ventilator capable of delivering noninvasive mechanical ventilation was used. Swallowing efficiency, breathing-swallowing synchronization, and Borg Scale dyspnea scores improved significantly with noninvasive mechanical ventilation. However, swallowing induced ventilator triggering followed by autotriggering. To improve patient-ventilator synchrony, a marketed device was equipped with an off-switch for use during swallowing. This device completely eliminated swallowing-induced ventilator triggering and postswallow autotriggering.
CONCLUSION:
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted to the ICU for acute exacerbations had abnormal breathing-swallowing interactions and dyspnea, which improved with noninvasive mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, a ventilator device with a simple switch-off pushbutton to eliminate insufflations during swallows prevented swallowing-induced ventilator triggering and postswallow autotriggering.
AuthorsNicolas Terzi, Hervé Normand, Edith Dumanowski, Michel Ramakers, Amélie Seguin, Cédric Daubin, Xavier Valette, Romain Masson, Bertrand Sauneuf, Pierre Charbonneau, Damien du Cheyron, Frédéric Lofaso
JournalCritical care medicine (Crit Care Med) Vol. 42 Issue 3 Pg. 565-73 (Mar 2014) ISSN: 1530-0293 [Electronic] United States
PMID24145847 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Topics
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Deglutition (physiology)
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Noninvasive Ventilation (instrumentation, methods)
  • Plethysmography (methods)
  • Prospective Studies
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive (diagnosis, therapy)
  • Respiration
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • Risk Assessment
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventilators, Mechanical

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