Dyspnea (Shortness of Breath)

1.	Januzzi, James L: 8 articles (02/2008 - 04/2005)
2.	Mueller, Christian: 7 articles (08/2007 - 02/2004)
3.	Baggish, Aaron L: 6 articles (02/2008 - 04/2005)
4.	Perruchoud, André P: 6 articles (08/2007 - 02/2004)
5.	Scholer, André: 6 articles (08/2007 - 02/2004)
6.	Laule-Kilian, Kirsten: 6 articles (11/2006 - 02/2004)
7.	Lloyd-Jones, Donald M: 5 articles (08/2007 - 04/2005)
8.	Maisel, Alan S: 5 articles (08/2007 - 02/2002)
9.	Schindler, Christian: 5 articles (08/2007 - 02/2004)
10.	Anwaruddin, Saif: 5 articles (08/2006 - 04/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Dyspnea:

1.	OxygenIBA 12/01/2004 - "Dyspnea improved dramatically in the following 4 weeks and no more oxygen therapy was required. " 12/01/2008 - "In a situation where the patient was agitated and unable to tolerate a mask, the high-flow cannula reduced her agitation and improved her dyspnea, oxygenation, tolerance of oxygen therapy, and comfort at the end of life. " 11/06/2007 - "CONCLUSION: Long-acting inhaled therapies, supplemental oxygen, and pulmonary rehabilitation are beneficial in adults who have bothersome respiratory symptoms, especially dyspnea, and FEV1 less than 60% predicted." 04/01/2007 - "RESULTS: For both groups, there was a significant improvement in dyspnea and peripheral oxygen saturation at identical levels of physical exercise, in distance walked during the physical training, and in respiratory muscle strength (P < 0.05). " 12/01/2005 - "RESULTS: In 6-min walk testing, the dyspnea Borg scale and decrease of arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry significantly improved in the n-3 group. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	tiotropium (Spiriva)FDA Link 12/01/2008 - "Tiotropium also provides superior bronchodilation and improvement in dyspnea at all time points, although onset of bronchodilation is slower than with long-acting beta(2)-agonists. " 12/01/2004 - "Clinically relevant outcomes such as the relief of dyspnea, improvement in the quality of life (health status), and reductions in the frequency and severity of acute exacerbations have been consistently obtained with tiotropium in clinical trials. " 01/01/2006 - "Tiotropium in combination with pulmonary rehabilitation produces clinically improvement in dyspnea, health status endurance of constant work compared to pulmonary rehabilitation alone. " 03/01/2005 - "CONCLUSIONS: Tiotropium in combination with PR improved endurance of a constant work rate treadmill task and produced clinically meaningful improvements in dyspnea and health status compared to PR alone. " 10/01/2006 - "Tiotropium did not alter dyspnea-IRV relationships, but the increase in resting and exercise inspiratory capacity was associated with an improved effort-displacement ratio throughout exercise. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Brain Natriuretic Peptide (Natrecor)FDA Link 02/01/2009 - "Prior studies have shown that dyspnea is improved in patients with ADHF 3 hours after nesiritide infusion with significant dose-related reductions in cardiac filling pressures and systemic vascular resistance without significant arrhythmias. " 02/12/2004 - "CONCLUSIONS: Used in conjunction with other clinical information, rapid measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency department improved the evaluation and treatment of patients with acute dyspnea and thereby reduced the time to discharge and the total cost of treatment." 12/15/2004 - "In studies with predominately male patients, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels have been shown to be helpful in the evaluation and management of patients who present with acute dyspnea. " 06/01/2006 - "OBJECTIVE: Some research has shown that B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNF) is helpful in differentiating cardiac from pulmonary etiologies of dyspnea in adults. " 07/01/2004 - "Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been reported to be helpful in differentiating cardiac from pulmonary etiologies of dyspnea in adults. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Albuterol (Salbutamol)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2007 - "The second period of treatment elicited a significant further improvement in lung function and reduction in dyspnea score and salbutamol use in both groups. " 05/01/2007 - "The combination therapy with formoterol+tiotropium induced a significant improvement in mean predose FEV(1) and FVC at the end of the first period, and a significant reduction in dyspnea score as measure by a visual analogic scale and in use of rescue salbutamol. " 09/01/1991 - "Results showed a significant improvement of the daily number dyspnea episodes (from 2.7 to 1.4) and of the daily number of salbutamol puffs used as rescue medication (from 5,1 to 2,5) (p less than 0.001). " 10/15/2008 - "Inhalation of albuterol proved effective in reducing the dyspnea. " 12/01/2002 - "Separate studies have shown that inhaled albuterol, both a single dose (300 microg) and 2 weeks of therapy (200 microg/4x/day), reduces dyspnea. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Morphine (MS Contin)FDA LinkGeneric 05/10/2008 - "The administration of subcutaneous morphine resulted in a significant reduction in dyspnea Visual Analog Scale (VAS) compared with placebo. " 06/01/2005 - "DATA SYNTHESIS: Nine studies have evaluated the efficacy of nebulized morphine in relieving dyspnea. " 06/15/2001 - "RESULTS: Dyspnea improved during the adaptation period on the ward in 59.4% of the whole population being treated with morphine and in 67.7% of the analyzed patients after discharge. " 12/01/1990 - "Nineteen of 20 patients (95%) reported improved dyspnea after morphine. " 04/01/2008 - "Nebulized morphine was not effective in controlling dyspnea in any study or the meta-analysis. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 08/01/2001 - "Corticosteroids were given to 3 patients who exhibited dyspnea or persistent symptoms, while the remaining patients improved without medication. " 01/01/1976 - "Including the present series, 50 percent of patients have responded favorably to corticosteroids with decreased dyspnea, clearing of the chest radiograph and improved pulmonary function tests." 06/01/2007 - "This paper provides a synopsis of available studies examining the impact of corticosteroids on the sensitivity to perceive dyspnea and presents possible mechanisms underlying this relationship. " 06/01/2009 - "RESULTS: At 8 years, 275 children (7.3%) wheezed, 361 (9.6%) had dyspnea, and 268 (7.1%) had a prescription of inhaled corticosteroids in the preceding year. " 06/01/2009 - "The parents reported their children's weight and height, and wheeze, dyspnea, and prescription of inhaled corticosteroids in yearly questionnaires. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	bosentan (Tracleer)FDA Link 01/01/2002 - "Compared with placebo, bosentan led to a significantly greater improvement from pretreatment values in secondary efficacy endpoints such as the Borg dyspnea index, WHO functional class, and cardiopulmonary hemodynamic parameters (cardiac index, pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, mean right atrial pressure). " 11/01/2006 - "Improved 6-MWT and the modified Borg dyspnea index also suggested the possibility of bosentan as an efficacious treatment option for these patients. " 08/01/2005 - "Bosentan improved the patient's symptoms and aortic saturation, World Health Organization class, maximal and sub-maximal exercise capacity, Borg dyspnea index, invasively measured mean pulmonary pressure, pulmonary blood flow and pulmonary vascular resistance. " 03/01/2003 - "In patients with World Health Organization Class III and IV PAH, bosentan has demonstrated improvement in dyspnea and exercise tolerance. " 03/21/2002 - "Bosentan also improved the Borg dyspnea index and WHO functional class and increased the time to clinical worsening. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1994 - "Prednisolone relieved the dyspnea, but tapering of the drug led to a recurrence of this symptom. " 01/01/2005 - "An administration of 20 mg/day of prednisolone was ineffective for his symptoms and he complained dyspnea a week later. " 12/01/1998 - "She had been well under 5 mg of prednisolone until 1995, when she felt severe shortness of breath. " 08/01/1992 - "Prednisolone (40 mg daily) was given with a prompt improvement of symptoms including dyspnea, as well as the radiographic abnormalities. " 02/01/1990 - "All clinical and laboratory abnormalities subsided after high-dose prednisolone therapy, starting when dyspnea developed. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	sildenafil (Viagra)FDA Link 12/01/2008 - "As compared to placebo sildenafil showed a significant improvement in 6-min walk test (68.90 (95% CI 31.14 - 106.65), p = 0.0003), mean pulmonary artery pressure (-13.04 (95% CI - 25.94 to -0.15), p = 0.05), mean cardiac index (0.39 (95% CI 0.24 - 0.54), p < 0.00001), mean Borg dyspnea score (-1.23 (95% CI -1.36 to -1.10), p < 0.00001), mean pulmonary vascular resistance (-171 (95% CI -300 to -30.90), p = 0.02), improvement in functional class (6.48 (95% CI 2.74 - 15.33), p < 0.001) and a nonsignificant change in mean right atrial pressure and clinical worsening. " 03/10/2005 - "RESULTS: NYHA class (baseline 3.8 +/- 0.4 vs. 4 weeks 2.4 +/- 0.5, p = 0.002), Borg dyspnea index (8.1 +/- 1.7 vs. 4.4 +/- 1.9, p = 0.0007), 6-min walk distance (234 +/- 44 vs. 377 +/- 128 m, p = 0.001) and Pulmonary artery pressure (125 +/- 15 vs. 113 +/- 18 mm Hg p = 0.05) are significantly improved with sildenafil 50 mg bid at 4 weeks. " 01/01/2003 - "Sildenafil, compared to placebo, was associated with improved exercise tolerance as determined by the 6 min walk test (266.67+/-131.45 m v. 170+/-105 m; p<0.005), decrease in modified Borg dyspnea score (3.56+/-1.01 v. 5.11+/-1.45; p<0.01), decrease in Doppler-estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressures (55.33+/-16.52 mmHg v. 75.33+/-19.75 mmHg; p<0.005), improvement in New York Heart Association class (2 patients), and improvement in symptoms. " 02/01/2005 - "Sildenafil therapy resulted in the following changes: increase in the 6-min walk distance from a median value of 387 m (range 0 to 484 m) to 462 m (range 408 to 588 m; P < 0.01), improvement of the Borg dyspnea score from 4.0 (median value) to 3.0 (P < 0.01), and increased pulmonary flow (velocity-time integral) from a median value of 0.12 (range 0.08 to 0.25) to 0.23 (range 0.11 to 0.40; P < 0.01) with no changes in pulmonary pressures. " 01/24/2004 - "Before the start of sildenafil administration, two patients had class III dyspnea and two patients had class IV dyspnea. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Theophylline (Theon)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2008 - "In the combination group, but not the theophylline alone group, the dyspnea score was significantly improved after 4 (p < 0.01) and 8 weeks (p <0.05) compared with baseline. " 04/01/2007 - "When the administration of theophylline combined with beta2-agonists was compared to that of theophylline alone, there was a statistically significant improvement in mean dyspnea (-0.19; 95% CI: -0.34 to 0.04). " 04/01/2007 - "In comparing the effect of theophylline combined with beta2-agonists to that of a placebo, we found a statistically significant improvement in mean FEV1 (0.27 L; 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.43) and mean dyspnea (-0.78; 95% CI: -1.26 to -0.29). " 01/01/1999 - "If their dyspnea then improved, theophylline was continued. " 01/01/1999 - "In 7 of 34 n of 1 trial patients (21%), dyspnea improved during theophylline treatment compared with placebo treatment. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Pneumonectomy (Lung Volume Reduction) 01/01/1997 - "Further adjuvant therapy (at least 6 months after completion) in 11 patients and the type of pneumonectomy (right-side: n = 11, left-side: n = 25) did not result in additional significant reduction of lung function and of single quality of life dimensions, except that "Dyspnea" in patients with right-sided pneumonectomy (66.7) was significantly more frequent than in patients with left-sided pneumonectomy (44.0). " 08/01/1996 - "Lung volume reduction is a surgical procedure that is effective in relieving the dyspnea and improving the patient's quality of life." 08/01/2009 - "The improvement in exercise capacity and dyspnea following lung volume reduction surgery is associated with a substantial reduction in neural drive to the inspiratory muscles." 12/01/2007 - "Two-year improvement in multidimensional body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index after nonresectional lung volume reduction surgery in awake patients." 09/01/2005 - "Chronic inflammatory symptoms and functional impairments (showed by blood gas analysis, pulmonary arterial pressure, or MRC dyspnea scale) improved post-pneumonectomy. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Activities of Daily Living (ADL) 12/01/1994 - "After multiple bullectomy, this case showed marked improvements in lung function and gas exchange, subsequently his dyspnea improved, as did his activities of daily living. " 09/01/2009 - "In all five studies in which training load was adequately controlled, a significant reduction of dyspnea during activities of daily living was found. " 09/01/2005 - "Dyspnea with activities of daily living and self-reported physical functioning significantly improved for all groups over time. " 12/01/1996 - "STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether exercise training with coaching is more effective than exercise training alone in reducing dyspnea and the anxiety and distress associated with it and improving exercise performance, self-efficacy for walking, and dyspnea with activities of daily living. " 12/01/1996 - "The phase 1 improvement in laboratory dyspnea was accompanied by improvements in dyspnea with activities of daily living (p < 0.01) and self-efficacy for home walking (p < 0.01) that were sustained during the home phase. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Stents 03/01/2008 - "During the 4 to 7 month followup, after stent implantation, clinical signs, including dyspnea and respiratory distress, dramatically improved in all dogs. " 11/01/1995 - "All patients with malignant lesions improved symptomatically after stent placement and remained without significant dyspnea until death (from 1 to 6 months). " 05/01/1999 - "CONCLUSIONS: Dyspnea of patients could be immediately relieved after endobronchial stent was inserted. " 12/01/1997 - "Stent placement initially improved the dyspnea score in 7 of 14 patients. " 07/01/1997 - "Dyspnea was relieved immediately after implantation of stents in all patients. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 03/01/2005 - "The use of LTOT for hypoxemic patients has resulted in increased survival, and expanded drug therapy options have effectively improved dyspnea and quality of life. " 06/01/1999 - "His dyspnea improved following irradiation and corticosteroid treatment and one month later, he was admitted again for chemotherapy. " 09/01/2009 - "At the end of 6th cycles of chemotherapy, exertional dyspnea and palpitations appeared, and she was readmitted. " 06/01/2009 - "Time-trends of dyspnea as a function of baseline dyspnea were investigated and correlated with gender, age, chemotherapy, mean lung dose (MLD), lung function parameters (FeV1 and DLCO), stage, PTV dose, overall treatment time and smoking habits. " 11/01/2006 - "CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative dyspnea and postoperative chemotherapy are associated with worse postoperative QOL among patients with resected, early-stage NSCLC. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 07/01/2008 - "Dyspnea index, visual analog scale (VAS), and pulmonary function test results were obtained before and 4 h after treatments. " 02/01/2001 - "The QL evaluation showed a significant amelioration of cognitive functions and a borderline significant amelioration of emotional functions after treatment, whereas a borderline worsening of dyspnea was observed. " 05/01/1994 - "Six months after treatment, he complained of dyspnea. " 06/01/1993 - "None of the dogs coughed or had dyspnea after treatment. " 11/01/1992 - "The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated objectively by peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) obtained before and immediately after treatment and subjectively by the patients' evaluation of their own dyspnea. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

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