Genistein versus ICI 182, 780: an ally or enemy in metastatic progression of prostate cancer.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Androgen signalling through the androgen receptor (AR) plays a critical role in prostate cancer (PCa) initiation and progression. Estrogen in synergy with androgen is essential for cell growth of the normal and malignant prostate. However, the exact role that estrogen and the estrogen receptor play in prostate carcinogenesis remains unclear. We have previously demonstrated the metastasis-promoting effect of an estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) agonist (genistein) in a patient-derived PCa xenograft model mimicking localized and metastatic disease.

METHODS:

To test the hypothesis that the tumor-promoting activity of genistein was due to its estrogenic properties, we treated the xenograft-bearing mice with genistein and an anti-estrogen compound (ICI 182, 780) and compared the differential gene expression using microarrays.

RESULTS:

Using a second xenograft model which was derived from another patient, we showed that genistein promoted disease progression in vivo and ICI 182, 780 inhibited metastatic spread. The microarray analysis revealed that the metallothionein (MT) gene family was differentially expressed in tumors treated by these compounds. Using qRT-PCR, the differences in expression levels were validated in the metastatic and non-metastatic LTL313 PCa xenograft tumor lines, both of which were originally derived from the same PCa patient.

CONCLUSIONS:

Together our data provide evidence that genistein stimulates and ICI 182, 780 inhibits metastatic progression, suggesting that these effects may be mediated by ERβ signalling.

• Authors: Hisae Nakamura, Yuwei Wang, Hui Xue, Mark T Romanish, Dixie L Mager, Cheryl D Helgason, Yuzhuo Wang
• Journal: The Prostate (Prostate) Vol. 73 Issue 16 Pg. 1747-60 (Dec 2013) ISSN: 1097-0045 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 24038102 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
• Copyright: © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents
• Estrogen Antagonists
• Estrogen Receptor beta
• RNA, Small Interfering
• Fulvestrant
• Estradiol
• Metallothionein
• Genistein

Topics

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Disease Progression
• Estradiol (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Estrogen Antagonists (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Estrogen Receptor beta (drug effects)
• Fulvestrant
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic (drug effects)
• Genistein (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Male
• Metallothionein (genetics, metabolism)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred NOD
• Mice, SCID
• Neoplasm Metastasis (drug therapy)
• Prostatic Neoplasms (drug therapy, pathology)
• RNA, Small Interfering (pharmacology)
• Treatment Outcome
• Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays