Abstract |
The leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is cardiovascular disease, with vascular calcification being a key modifier of disease progression. A local regulator of vascular calcification is vitamin K. This γ- glutamyl carboxylase substrate is an essential cofactor in the activation of several extracellular matrix proteins that inhibit calcification. Warfarin, a common therapy in dialysis patients, inhibits the recycling of vitamin K and thereby decreases the inhibitory activity of these proteins. In this study, we sought to determine whether modifying vitamin K status, either by increasing dietary vitamin K intake or by antagonism with therapeutic doses of warfarin, could alter the development of vascular calcification in male Sprague-Dawley rats with adenine-induced CKD. Treatment of CKD rats with warfarin markedly increased pulse pressure and pulse wave velocity, as well as significantly increased calcium concentrations in the thoracic aorta (3-fold), abdominal aorta (8-fold), renal artery (4-fold), and carotid artery (20-fold). In contrast, treatment with high dietary vitamin K1 increased vitamin K tissue concentrations (10-300-fold) and blunted the development of vascular calcification. Thus, vitamin K has an important role in modifying mechanisms linked to the susceptibility of arteries to calcify in an experimental model of CKD.
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Authors | Kristin M McCabe, Sarah L Booth, Xueyan Fu, Navid Shobeiri, Judith J Pang, Michael A Adams, Rachel M Holden |
Journal | Kidney international
(Kidney Int)
Vol. 83
Issue 5
Pg. 835-44
(May 2013)
ISSN: 1523-1755 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 23344475
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Anticoagulants
- Biomarkers
- Osteocalcin
- Vitamin K 2
- menatetrenone
- Warfarin
- Vitamin K 1
- Adenine
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Topics |
- Adenine
- Animals
- Anticoagulants
(toxicity)
- Arteries
(drug effects, metabolism, pathology, physiopathology)
- Biomarkers
(blood)
- Blood Pressure
(drug effects)
- Dietary Supplements
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Male
- Osteocalcin
(blood)
- Pulse Wave Analysis
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
(blood, chemically induced, drug therapy, pathology, physiopathology)
- Time Factors
- Vascular Calcification
(blood, chemically induced, pathology, physiopathology, prevention & control)
- Vitamin K 1
(metabolism, pharmacology)
- Vitamin K 2
(analogs & derivatives, metabolism)
- Warfarin
(toxicity)
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