Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: 30 MDD patients and 32 healthy controls were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and monitored for levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α, at baseline, week 6 and week 12 of duloxetine treatment (60mg/day) and at baseline, respectively. RESULTS: Early responders (ER: defined at week 6 by reduction >50% of baseline HAM-D score) and early non-responders (ENR) showed opposite trends in cytokine levels during duloxetine treatment: ENR were characterized by baseline Th2 shift compared to controls (lower IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α) with increase in Th1 cytokines levels during treatment (increase of IL-1β, IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-1β/IL-10 and TNF-α/IL-10, decrease of IL-10), achieving clinical response at week 12; ER were characterized by baseline Th2-to-Th1 relative switch compared to ENR (higher IL-1β, IL-1β/IL-10 and TNF-α/IL-10) with reduction in Th1 cytokines levels during treatment (decrease of TNF-α and TNF-α/IL-10), achieving clinical response at week 6. LIMITATIONS: Small sample size. CONCLUSIONS: In accordance to early clinical response, duloxetine treatment could divide depressed patients into at least 2 subgroups characterized by clinical and laboratory differentiated behavior, suggesting different neurobiological background within depressive syndrome differentially sensitive to different drug components: pro-serotonergic effect and increase in Th1 cytokines in ENR vs. pro-noradrenergic effect and decrease in Th1 cytokines in ER.
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Authors | Michele Fornaro, Giulio Rocchi, Andrea Escelsior, Paola Contini, Matteo Martino |
Journal | Journal of affective disorders
(J Affect Disord)
Vol. 145
Issue 3
Pg. 300-7
(Mar 05 2013)
ISSN: 1573-2517 [Electronic] Netherlands |
PMID | 22981313
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
Chemical References |
- Antidepressive Agents
- Biomarkers
- Cytokines
- Interleukin-1beta
- Interleukin-2
- Thiophenes
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
- Interleukin-10
- Interleukin-12
- Interleukin-4
- Interferon-gamma
- Duloxetine Hydrochloride
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Topics |
- Adult
- Antidepressive Agents
(therapeutic use)
- Biomarkers
(blood)
- Case-Control Studies
- Cytokines
(blood)
- Depressive Disorder, Major
(blood, drug therapy)
- Duloxetine Hydrochloride
- Female
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma
(blood)
- Interleukin-10
(blood)
- Interleukin-12
(blood)
- Interleukin-1beta
(blood)
- Interleukin-2
(blood)
- Interleukin-4
(blood)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
- Thiophenes
(therapeutic use)
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
(blood)
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