Outcomes of preoperative angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting.

Abstract

The association between preoperative use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remain controversial. Our aim was to study in-hospital outcomes after isolated CABG in patients on preoperative ACE inhibitors. A retrospective analysis of 8,889 patients who underwent isolated CABG from 2000 through 2011 was conducted. The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of major adverse events (MAEs) defined as a composite of mortality, postoperative renal dysfunction, myocardial infarction, stroke, and atrial fibrillation during index hospitalization. The secondary outcome was the incidence of individual outcomes included in MAEs. Logistic regression analyses were performed. Of 8,889 patients, 3,983 (45%) were on preoperative ACE inhibitors and 4,906 (55%) were not. Overall incidence of MAEs was 38.1% (n = 1,518) in the ACE inhibitor group compared to 33.6% (n = 1,649) in the no-ACE inhibitor group. Preoperative use of ACE inhibitors was independently associated with MAEs (odds ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.24), most of which was driven by a statistically significant increase in postoperative renal dysfunction (odds ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.36) and atrial fibrillation (odds ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.27). In-hospital mortality, postoperative myocardial infarction, and stroke were not significantly associated with preoperative ACE inhibitor use. Analyses performed after excluding patients with low ejection fractions yielded similar results. In conclusion, preoperative ACE inhibitor use was associated with an increased risk of MAEs after CABG, in particular postoperative renal dysfunction and atrial fibrillation.

• Authors: Salman J Bandeali, Waleed T Kayani, Vei-Vei Lee, Wei Pan, Mac Arthur A Elayda, Vijay Nambi, Hani M Jneid, Mahboob Alam, James M Wilson, Yochai Birnbaum, Christie M Ballantyne, Salim S Virani
• Journal: The American journal of cardiology (Am J Cardiol) Vol. 110 Issue 7 Pg. 919-23 (Oct 01 2012) ISSN: 1879-1913 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 22727178 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Topics

• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Coronary Artery Bypass
• Coronary Artery Disease (drug therapy, epidemiology, surgery)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Hospital Mortality (trends)
• Humans
• Incidence
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Odds Ratio
• Postoperative Complications (prevention & control)
• Postoperative Period
• Preoperative Care (methods)
• Retrospective Studies
• Risk Factors
• Survival Rate (trends)
• Texas (epidemiology)
• Treatment Outcome