Adipogenic/lipid, inflammatory, and mitochondrial parameters in subcutaneous adipose tissue of untreated HIV-1-infected long-term nonprogressors: significant alterations despite low viral burden.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

HIV-1 can induce disturbances in adipose tissue in infected subjects through the effects of some of its proteins or inflammation. It is not known whether this also takes place in HIV-1-infected long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs). Our objectives were to determine whether adipocyte differentiation/lipid, inflammatory, and mitochondrial parameters are perturbed in abdominal wall subcutaneous adipose tissue of untreated HIV-1-infected patients LTNPs.

METHODS:

Cross-sectional study involving 10 LTNPs, 10 typical progressors (TPs), and 10 uninfected controls (UCs). The parameters assessed were peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), lipoprotein lipase, and fatty acid-binding protein 4 mRNA (adipogenic/lipid); tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 18 (IL-18), β2-MCG, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, CD1A, and C3 mRNA (inflammation); and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII), COIV, CYCA, nuclear respiratory factor 1, PPARγ coactivator 1α mRNA, and mtDNA content (mitochondrial).

RESULTS:

Regarding adipogenic/lipid parameters, LTNPs had PPARγ, lipoprotein lipase, and fatty acid-binding protein 4 mRNA significantly decreased compared with UCs (P ≤ 0.001 for all comparisons). PPARγ mRNA was significantly greater in LTNP than in TP (P = 0.006). With respect to inflammatory parameters, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-18, and β2-MCG mRNA were significantly higher in LTNPs compared with UCs (P < 0.005 for all comparisons), whereas IL-18 mRNA was greater in TPs compared with LTNPs (P = 0.01). As mitochondrial parameters are concerned, mtDNA was significantly reduced in LTNPs compared with TPs (P = 0.04) and UCs (P = 0.03). COII and COIV were also significantly reduced in LTNPs compared with UCs and TPs.

CONCLUSIONS:

Adipose tissue from untreated LTNPs may have limited but significant derangements in some adipogenic/lipid and may have inflammatory processes at a lower degree than that observed in untreated TPs. LTNPs may have mitochondrial-related alterations in adipose tissue which are greater than that observed in TPs.

• Authors: Francesc Vidal, Pere Domingo, Francesc Villarroya, Marta Giralt, Miguel López-Dupla, Mar Gutiérrez, Jose M Gallego-Escuredo, Joaquim Peraire, Consuelo Viladés, Sergi Veloso, Gracia Mateo, Jordi P Guallar, Cristóbal Richart
• Journal: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) (J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr) Vol. 61 Issue 2 Pg. 131-7 (Oct 01 2012) ISSN: 1944-7884 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 22580565 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cytokines

Topics

• Adult
• Case-Control Studies
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Cytokines (biosynthesis)
• Female
• Gene Expression Profiling
• HIV Infections (pathology)
• HIV Long-Term Survivors
• Humans
• Lipid Metabolism
• Male
• Mitochondria (physiology)
• Subcutaneous Fat (pathology)
• Viral Load