In continuation to our studies toward the identification of direct anti-
cancer targets, here we showed that
destruxin B (DB) from Metarhizium anisopliae suppressed the proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest in human
colorectal cancer (CRC) HT29, SW480 and HCT116 cells. Additionally, DB induced apoptosis in HT29 cells by decreased expression level of
anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL while increased pro-apoptotic Bax. On the other hand, DB attenuated Wnt-signaling by downregulation of β-
catenin, Tcf4 and β-
catenin/Tcf4 transcriptional activity, concomitantly with decreased expression of β-
catenin target genes cyclin D1, c-myc and
survivin. Furthermore, DB affected the migratory and invasive ability of HT29 cells through suppressed MMPs-2 and -9 enzymatic activities. We also found that DB targeted the MAPK and/or PI3K/Akt pathway by reduced expression of Akt, IKK-α, JNK, NF-κB, c-Jun and c-Fos while increased that of IκBα. Finally, we demonstrated that DB inhibited
tumorigenesis in HT29 xenograft mice using non-invasive bioluminescence technique. Consistently,
tumor samples from DB-treated mice demonstrated suppressed expression of β-
catenin,
cyclin D1,
survivin, and endothelial marker CD31 while increased
caspase-3 expression. Collectively, our data supports DB as an inhibitor of Wnt/β-
catenin/Tcf signaling pathway that may be beneficial in the CRC management.