Oleuropein ameliorates acute colitis in mice.

Abstract

Oleuropein, the major secoiridoid in olive tree leaves, possesses a wide range of health promoting properties. It has recently been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. We have evaluated the effect of oleuropein on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice in order to provide insight into its mechanisms of action. Oral administration of oleuropein notably attenuated the extent and severity of acute colitis while reducing neutrophil infiltration; production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α; expression of iNOS, COX-2, and MMP-9; and the translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit to the nucleus in colon tissue. In LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages, the oleuropein metabolite, hydroxytyrosol, was shown to inhibit NO production, iNOS expression, NF-κB p65 subunit translocation, mRNA expression, and the release of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. These results suggest that the effect of oleuropein on DSS-induced colitis is associated with a decrease in the production of interleukins and expression of proteins, principally through reduction of NF-κB activation.

• Authors: Elisa Giner, Isabel Andújar, M Carmen Recio, José Luis Ríos, José Miguel Cerdá-Nicolás, Rosa M Giner
• Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (J Agric Food Chem) Vol. 59 Issue 24 Pg. 12882-92 (Dec 28 2011) ISSN: 1520-5118 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 22114936 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Cytokines
• Iridoid Glucosides
• Iridoids
• Pyrans
• 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol
• oleuropein
• Nitric Oxide
• Dextran Sulfate
• Phenylethyl Alcohol

Topics

• Acute Disease
• Animals
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (therapeutic use)
• Colitis (chemically induced, drug therapy, pathology)
• Cytokines (metabolism)
• Dextran Sulfate
• Female
• Iridoid Glucosides
• Iridoids
• Macrophages, Peritoneal (drug effects, metabolism)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Nitric Oxide (metabolism)
• Phenylethyl Alcohol (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology)
• Pyrans (therapeutic use)