A comparison of pupil dilation and induction of corneal endothelial apoptosis by intracameral 1% lidocaine versus 1:100,000 epinephrine in rabbits.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mydriatic effects of intracameral 1% lidocaine compared with 1:100,000 epinephrine and the effect on endothelial apoptosis in rabbits.

METHODS:

Forty eyes of 20 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 2 equal groups. In the first group, 1 eye was injected intracamerally with 1% lidocaine (lidocaine eyes) and the fellow eye with 1:100,000 epinephrine (epinephrine eyes). In the second group, 1 eye was injected with balanced salt solution (BSS eye) and the fellow eye was instilled with 1% tropicamide (mydriatics eye). Specular microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining were performed 1 day postinjection.

RESULTS:

Both the full-dilation time and pupil diameters of the lidocaine and epinephrine eyes were not significantly different (P > 0.05). The endothelial cytoplasmic vacuolizations were increased and microprojections were diminished in the epinephrine eyes compared with the mydriatics, BSS, and lidocaine eyes (P < 0.05). Apoptosis was demonstrated in only epinephrine eyes, with an index of 5%.

CONCLUSIONS:

In rabbits, the intracameral injections of preservative-free 1% lidocaine may be used as an adjunctive method with topical mydriatics in cataract surgery, as like 1:100,000 epinephrine. The intracameral 1% lidocaine may induce less microstructural alterations to the corneal endothelial cells than 1:100,000 epinephrine.

• Authors: Eun Chul Kim, Sang Hee Park, Man Soo Kim
• Journal: Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics (J Ocul Pharmacol Ther) Vol. 26 Issue 6 Pg. 563-70 (Dec 2010) ISSN: 1557-7732 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 21028981 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Mydriatics
• Lidocaine
• Tropicamide
• Epinephrine

Topics

• Animals
• Apoptosis (drug effects)
• Cataract Extraction (methods)
• Endothelium, Corneal (drug effects, metabolism)
• Epinephrine (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• In Situ Nick-End Labeling
• Injections
• Lidocaine (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Microscopy (methods)
• Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
• Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
• Mydriatics (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Pupil (drug effects)
• Rabbits
• Tropicamide (administration & dosage, pharmacology)