Aggravation of viral hepatitis by platelet-derived serotonin.

Abstract

More than 500 million people worldwide are persistently infected with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus. Although both viruses are poorly cytopathic, persistence of either virus carries a risk of chronic liver inflammation, potentially resulting in liver steatosis, liver cirrhosis, end-stage liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma. Virus-specific T cells are a major determinant of the outcome of hepatitis, as they contribute to the early control of chronic hepatitis viruses, but they also mediate immunopathology during persistent virus infection. We have analyzed the role of platelet-derived vasoactive serotonin during virus-induced CD8(+) T cell-dependent immunopathological hepatitis in mice infected with the noncytopathic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. After virus infection, platelets were recruited to the liver, and their activation correlated with severely reduced sinusoidal microcirculation, delayed virus elimination and increased immunopathological liver cell damage. Lack of platelet-derived serotonin in serotonin-deficient mice normalized hepatic microcirculatory dysfunction, accelerated virus clearance in the liver and reduced CD8(+) T cell-dependent liver cell damage. In keeping with these observations, serotonin treatment of infected mice delayed entry of activated CD8(+) T cells into the liver, delayed virus control and aggravated immunopathological hepatitis. Thus, vasoactive serotonin supports virus persistence in the liver and aggravates virus-induced immunopathology.

• Authors: Philipp A Lang, Claudio Contaldo, Panco Georgiev, Ashraf Mohammad El-Badry, Mike Recher, Michael Kurrer, Luisa Cervantes-Barragan, Burkhard Ludewig, Thomas Calzascia, Beatrice Bolinger, Doron Merkler, Bernhard Odermatt, Michael Bader, Rolf Graf, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Ahmed N Hegazy, Max Löhning, Nicola L Harris, Pamela S Ohashi, Hans Hengartner, Rolf M Zinkernagel, Karl S Lang
• Journal: Nature medicine (Nat Med) Vol. 14 Issue 7 Pg. 756-61 (Jul 2008) ISSN: 1546-170X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 18516052 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Serotonin

Topics

• Animals
• Blood Platelets (chemistry)
• CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes (metabolism)
• Half-Life
• Hepatitis, Viral, Animal (immunology, pathology, virology)
• Liver (blood supply, immunology, pathology)
• Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis (pathology)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Mice, Knockout
• Microcirculation
• Platelet Count
• Serotonin (deficiency, genetics, metabolism)