Milk and colostrum are rich in
proteins and
peptides which play a crucial role in development of the immune system in mammalian offspring. Immunotropic properties of these compounds prompted investigators to search for their utility in prevention and
therapy of various disorders in humans. The following constituents of milk are of particular interest: 1)
Lactoferrin (LF)--exhibits antibacterial, antifungal,
antiviral, antiparasite and antitumor activities. It is protective with regard to intestinal epithelium, promotes bone growth and accelerates recovery of the immune system function in immunocompromised animal; 2) A
Proline-Rich
Polypeptide (PRP) shows a variety of immunotropic functions, including promotion of T-cell maturation and inhibition'of autoimmune disorders. PRP was recently found to improve or stabilize the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living status in
Alzheimer's disease patients. 3)
Casein--has been protective in experimental
bacteremia by eliciting myelopoiesis.
Casein hydrolyzates were also protective in diabetic animals, reduced the
tumor growth and diminished colicky symptoms in infants.
Casein-derived
peptides have been found to have
antihypertensive effects.
Glycomacropeptide (GMP)--a
peptide derived from
kappa casein, exhibits antibacterial and antithrombotic activities. 4)
Alpha lactalbumin (LA)--demonstrates
antiviral, antitumor and anti-stress properties. LA-enriched diets were
anxiolytic, lowered blood pressure in rats, prevented
diarrhea and led to a better
weight gain in malnourished children. 5)
Lysozyme--is effective in treatment of periodentitis and prevention of tooth decay. Milk enriched in
lysozyme was used in feeding premature infants suffering from concomitant diseases. 6)
Lactoperoxidase--shows antibacterial properties. In conclusion, milk-derived
proteins and
peptides are bio-accessible and safe for the prevention and treatment of numerous disorders in humans.