Abstract | CONTEXT: OBJECTIVES: DESIGN: This was a single-sample, repeated measures design study. SETTING: This study was performed at a tertiary referral center. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-three MetS subjects (age, 58 +/- 2 yr; body mass index, 33.3 +/- 0.8 kg/m2; mean +/- sem) were studied. INTERVENTION: MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures were postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography at a peroneal nerve), whole-body plasma norepinephrine spillover rate, spontaneous cardiac baroreflex function, and insulin sensitivity. RESULTS: The hypocaloric diet significantly reduced body weight by 7% and improved all MetS components. Norepinephrine spillover decreased from 877 +/- 180 to 503 +/- 39 ng/min (P = 0.005), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity decreased from 40.6 +/- 2.1 to 34.6 +/- 2.4 bursts/min (P = 0.01), whereas cardiac baroreflex sensitivity increased by 23.0 +/- 8.0% (P = 0.02). The change in the norepinephrine spillover rate correlated positively and independently with the change in plasma leptin concentration (r = 0.49; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION:
Weight loss by a hypocaloric diet with moderate sodium restriction diminishes SNS activity in MetS subjects. This may be due to the consequences of decreased leptin concentration, enhanced insulin sensitivity, or improvements in cardiac baroreflex function.
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Authors | Nora E Straznicky, Elisabeth A Lambert, Gavin W Lambert, Kazuko Masuo, Murray D Esler, Paul J Nestel |
Journal | The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
(J Clin Endocrinol Metab)
Vol. 90
Issue 11
Pg. 5998-6005
(Nov 2005)
ISSN: 0021-972X [Print] United States |
PMID | 16091482
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
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Topics |
- Aged
- Baroreflex
- Cardiovascular Diseases
(etiology)
- Female
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Male
- Metabolic Syndrome
(complications, diet therapy, physiopathology)
- Middle Aged
- Muscles
(innervation)
- Norepinephrine
(blood)
- Risk Factors
- Sympathetic Nervous System
(physiopathology)
- Weight Loss
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