Reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes reduces NF-kappaB activation in PBMCs.

Abstract

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:

Short-lasting hyperglycemia results in activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We therefore studied whether the postprandial increase in glucose is sufficient to induce mononuclear NF-kappaB activation and whether blunting postprandial hyperglycemia with the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose reduces NF-kappaB activation.

METHODS:

20 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in a double-blind randomized trial receiving 100 mg acarbose or placebo three times a day over a period of eight weeks. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated before and 120 minutes after a standardized breakfast. NF-kappaB binding activity was estimated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and NF-kappaB-p65; translocation was determined by Western blot.

RESULTS:

Eight weeks of treatment with acarbose significantly reduced postprandial hyperglycemia (p = 0.004 when compared to placebo), postprandial mononuclear NF-kappaB-binding activity (p = 0.045) and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB-p65 (p = 0.02).

CONCLUSION:

Reduction of postprandial glucose peak levels by acarbose reduces postprandial mononuclear NF-kappaB activation.

• Authors: G Rudofsky Jr, P Reismann, S Schiekofer, D Petrov, M von Eynatten, P M Humpert, B Isermann, C Müller-Hoff, T-P Thai, S Lichtenstein, U Bärtsch, A Hamann, P Nawroth, A Bierhaus
• Journal: Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme (Horm Metab Res) Vol. 36 Issue 9 Pg. 630-8 (Sep 2004) ISSN: 0018-5043 [Print] Germany
• PMID: 15486815 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Enzyme Inhibitors
• Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• NF-kappa B
• Transcription Factor RelA
• Acarbose

Topics

• Acarbose (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Biological Transport (drug effects)
• Cell Nucleus (metabolism)
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (blood)
• Double-Blind Method
• Drug Administration Schedule
• Enzyme Inhibitors (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
• Humans
• Hyperglycemia (blood, etiology, metabolism)
• Hypoglycemic Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology)
• Middle Aged
• Monocytes (metabolism)
• NF-kappa B (blood, drug effects, metabolism)
• Postprandial Period
• Transcription Factor RelA