[Susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics (2001)].
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| Abstract |
From October 2001 to September 2002, we collected the specimen from 370 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 16 institutions in Japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of the isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and antibiotics and patients' characteristics. Of 458 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in inflammation, 456 strains were investigated. The breakdown of the isolated bacteria were: Staphylococcus aureus 69, Streptococcus pneumoniae 72, Haemophilus influenzae 85, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (non-mucoid) 44, P. aeruginosa (mucoid) 13, Klebsiella pneumoniae 32, Moraxella subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis 32, and others. Of 69 S. aureus strains, those with 4 micrograms/mL or more of MIC of oxacillin (methicillin-resistant S. aureus: MRSA) occupied 43.5%. Vancomycin and arbekacin showed the most potent activities against MRSA as observed in 2000. The frequency of S. pneumoniae exhibiting low sensitivity to penicillin (penicillin-intermediate S. pneumoniae: PISP + penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae: PRSP) was 59.7% and both rates of PISP and PRSP were the highest after 1992. Carbapenems had strong activities against S. pneumoniae. Especially, panipenem and imipenem inhibited the growth of all 72 strains at 0.125 and 0.5 microgram/mL, respectively. Generally, all drugs had strong activities against H. influenzae with MIC90s of 16 micrograms/mL or less. The drug that had the strongest activity against H. influenzae was levofloxacin, which inhibited the growth of 80 of the 85 strains at 0.063 microgram/mL. Against P. aeruginosa mucoid strain, meropenem had a strong activity with MIC90 of 0.5 microgram/mL while, against non-mucoid strain, tobramycin had a strong activity with MIC90 of 2 micrograms/mL. K. pneumoniae showed good susceptibilities to all drugs except ampicillin and minocycline, and the MIC90s were 4 micrograms/mL or less. Particularly, cefmenoxime, cefpirome, and imipenem had the strongest activity (MIC90: 0.125 microgram/mL), and cefozopran had a strong activity, inhibiting the growth of all strains at 0.25 microgram/mL. Also, all drugs generally had strong activities against M. (B.) catarrhalis. MIC90s of all drugs were 4 micrograms/mL or less. The drug that had the strongest activity was minocycline and levofloxacin inhibiting all 32 strains at 0.063 microgram/mL. Most of the patients with respiratory infection were aged 70 years or older, accounting for approximately a half of the total (40.5%). As for the incidence by the diseases, bacterial pneumonia and chronic bronchitis were the highest, being noted in 39.2% and 37.3% of all the patients, respectively. The bacteria frequently isolated from the patients with bacterial pneumonia were S. aureus (19.3%) and S. pneumoniae (19.9%). In contrast, H. influenzae (22.0%) were frequently isolated from the patients with chronic bronchitis. Before the drug administration, the bacteria frequently isolated from the patients were S. pneumoniae (20.8%) and H. influenzae (21.5%). S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae decreased after the initiation of drug administration while S. aureus increased. The isolation frequency of P. aeruginosa was higher after than before the initiation of drug administration. The bacteria were frequently isolated from the patients who had already treated with cephems were S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. From the patients who had already treated with macrolides, S. pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated while S. aureus was the most frequently isolated from the patients pre-treated with quinolones.
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| Authors | Kaoru Shimada, Toyoko Oguri, Jun Igari, Hideo Ikemoto, Takeshi Mori, Nobuko Kitamura, Kunio Nakano, Yasutoshi Suzuki, Hiroshi Yokouchi, Yasuo Karasawa, Tsugio Terai, Makoto Yamamoto, Kouichiro Nakata, Tatsuo Nakatani, Hiroshi Inoue, Toshihide Nakadate, Hiroko Inagawa, Akira Suwabe, Ritsuko Obata, Kouichiro Kudo, Nobuyuki Kobayashi, Isao Ohno, Shinji Okada, Katsutoshi Hayashi, Tadao Kinoshita, Hisami Konosaki, Masaaki Arakawa, Fumitake Gejyo, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Hajime Goto, Kenichi Igarashi, Shin Kawai, Masahiko Okada, Akira Ito, Midori Sumitomo, Nobuki Aoki, Toshiharu Matsushima, Yoshihito Niki, Moritaka Suga, Yoichi Hirakata, Shiho Aoki, Junichi Matsuda, Masakazu Tosaka, Masaru Nasu, Hiroyuki Nagai, Shigeru Kohno, Kazunori Tomono, Yoshitsugu Miyazaki, Kazufumi Hiramatsu, Tadao Nakano |
| Journal | The Japanese journal of antibiotics (Jpn J Antibiot) Vol. 56 Issue 5 Pg. 365-95 (Oct 2003) ISSN: 0368-2781 [Print] Japan |
| PMID | 14692377 (Publication Type: English Abstract, Journal Article) |
| Chemical References |
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